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From late May to late September, the previous administration pledged to send 8,722 ventilators to 43 countries, but with no clear criteria to determine which countries need ventilators or how many to send, GAO found.
As the pandemic began to escalate at the end of March, Trump invoked the Defense Production Act to speed up production of N95 ventilators and masks, two key elements in the fight against the coronavirus.
In May, the US Agency for International Development began delivering the first ventilators overseas, GAO reported, with initial shipments going to South Africa, El Salvador and Russia.
The National Safety Council has briefed USAID on decisions regarding “ventilator donations, including recipient countries, quantities, and manufacturers.” But neither USAID nor the NSC provided information on how disbursement decisions were made.
The NSC did not respond to questions from GAO, according to the report.
The distribution of ventilators was not part of USAID’s initial plan for the Covid response, further complicating the effort.
Almost all of the 8,722 ventilators had been distributed by December, but USAID had no reliable means of tracking the machines and had only “limited information” on their location, according to the report. It was not until December that USAID told GAO that it had “started to implement” a process for locating ventilators, which involves collecting information from manufacturers, service providers, etc. foreign ministries of health and partners.
The lack of knowledge about the whereabouts of ventilators came as the agency had funds to track the machines for long-term monitoring.
Five countries accounted for almost half of the ventilators: Brazil, Indonesia and South Africa each received 1,000 machines, while El Salvador received 600 and Peru 500. But the needs in these countries varied considerably. El Salvador recorded 74 new cases and one death on the day USAID committed to allocating ventilators, while Brazil recorded 33,322 new cases and 1,046 deaths.
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