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In 1569, exactly 450 years ago, the world's map This seemed to be the sum of technical progress and it was for a long time. In fact, the system that he invented Gerardus Mercator making cards became the most popular of all and his world map came into the schools of our time with all naturalness, as if it were perfect. But the truth is that it's wrong, very bad.
Paragraph The design of the Japanese architect Hajime Narukawa corrects the distortions of the traditional planisphere celebrating its 450th anniversary.
It's not that I say it, everyone knows it, what happens, it's that no one has managed to make a better one, until now. Or rather, exactly 20 years ago, when the Japanese architect Hajime Narukawa he invented the Autagraphe, a method of representation of the terrestrial globe based on the ancestral technique of origami. Yes, it's true: folding paper can create a better map than we all know. Eye, Narukawa also founded the work of another architect, the American Buckminster Fuller who became famous for proposing a glbad dome to cover Manhattan.
In 1946, the extravagant Bucky, tired of Mercator's drawing, developed his Dymaxion Map, a polyhedron which, although it does not form a perfect sphere, can be deployed in a flat form in different ways and is accurate enough for the continents.
Background The Dymaxion map, a polyhedron designed by the American Buckminster Fuller, can take many forms very different from those of the continents.
Why do you say the Mercator map is inaccurate? Well, at the time, the flamenco geographer We found the problem everyone had: the globe is like a ball (imperfect) and it's pretty hard to turn that ball into an airplane. Note that if you catch an orange and pelas, you can not even create a sticky rectangle and perfect as a world map. However, Mercator has been very successful. Of course, he took licenses.
Distortion Here is a comparison of what the Argentine Republic would look like if it were north of the Mercator map. The distortion shows that the traditional model is wrong.
For your convenience, it's as if the guy had peeled orange leaving pointed sections up and down and I would have stretched the flat hull on the table. In the middle, it looked good, but, obviously, there were empty spaces between the segments. stretched these segments until the end of the area of the rectangle. As a result, everything close to the poles seems bigger than what is at the equator.
Distortion 2. If the map of Argentina was in place of that of Europe, it would look much larger. All because Mercator's planisphere deliberately expands the map of the Old Continent.
Not satisfied with that, flamenco attracted more Northern hemisphere because, at this "time", everyone cared more about Europe than about the rest of the world. The fact is that this map, which we use quite naturally, has Greenland bigger than Africawhen in reality: Africa is 14 times larger than Greenland! And that is the case with many countries.
Capacity European countries that may enter the territory of the Argentine Republic: France, Germany, Portugal, Italy, Spain and the United Kingdom.
To give you an idea, the site thetruesize.com allows you to see the actual size of countries by moving it on the map of Mercator. You will see that they grow in the northern hemisphere and shrink at the equator.
Process Following the technique of origami, the architect Hajime Narukawa turns the waiting into a series of complex geometric figures to end with a rectangular plane.
In short, the good Mercator system respects the shapes of the continents but not their sizes. And I do not want to tell you that the fact that the north is to the north and the south to the south is a convention imposed by the Europeans because later they called me Bolshevik. It could be the opposite. Atlantic Is it in the center of the map? Is not this a very practical convention for the Euro-American axis?
Demonstration Hajime Narukawa shows his system to his students.
Whatever the case, it must be recognized that flamenco cards have become viral because they are the only ones that allow sailors to trace routes using straight lines. Of course, all this today with the satellite navigation systemsIt does not matter a cucumber. However, they survive in schools.
By hand. The system consists of dividing the globe into 96 triangles and transferring them into a tetrahedron (volume with four equal triangular faces).
Now, all this has been debated for some time between specialists, but with the experience of Fuller and the art of folding the paper, the Japanese Narukawa decided to take Mercator once and for all. Twenty years ago, he divided the globe into 96 triangles, transferred them to a tetrahedron (volume with four equal triangular faces) and displayed it forming a large rectangle which is the Authagraph map. As a result, the plan preserves the size and shape of all continents and oceans, eliminates some of the errors in the Mercator World Map and, as a dessert strawberry, shows Antarctic as it is.
Tetrahedron The prism composed of four equal triangles is the basis of development.
The first time you see it, it will seem strange to you because America seems semi-recumbent and Europe look on the other side. Eye, as the position of the oceans is a convention, Narukawa put the Peaceful in the center of the stage and in Japan (his homeland) in the center. These are the privileges of inventing a card.
Finale The entire process ends with a large flat rectangle that constitutes the world map.
In 2011, the Japanese National Museum Emerging Science and Innovation (Miraikan) has chosen Autagraphe As an official mapping tool and three years ago, the Narukawa Screening won the first prize in the Institute for the Promotion of Design of Japan. Maybe it does not work for navigation, but who cares?
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