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Human rights groups Colombia denounce that in recent years, the greatest number of killings of social and community leaders throughout Latin America and that the state’s response was limited to further strengthening the militarization of territories, despite the commitment made in 2016 Peace agreement.
Since statistics are difficult to compile due to the characteristics of the conflict, the figures vary between more than 400 dead (from 2016 to 2020), according to Human Right Watch (HRW); ms the 700 according to the Ombudsman Colombia, The more than a thousand, according to the Institute for Development and Peace Studies (Indepaz).
Solo between January and February 2021, Yes 73 social leaders were assassinated and ex-combatants in this Latin American country.
In December 2020, the president Ivn Duque say it killings of social leaders They are not a phenomenon of his government, but rather “comes from behind and more back” and that the vast majority of them are related to the narco-structure of paramilitary groups: 78% are under the responsibility of groups like “Las Caparros” or “Los Pelusos”.
However, this month, the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in Colombia, Juliette de Rivero, asked the Colombian state take responsibility for crimes.
“It is absurd that human rights defenders have to take so many risks to advance their cause, it is absurd that armed groups various can threaten and harm the lives of defenders in the territories ”, condemned De Rivero.
During the campaign which led him to win the presidential elections of June 2018, Duque had already expressed his differences with the Peace agreements reached two years earlier between the government of Juan Manuel Santos and the then government FARC guerrillas, and had indicated very clearly that they would undergo variations, without however breaking them.
However, for Jimmy Moreno, spokesperson for the Colombian NGO Congreso de los Pueblos, “the escalation of this violence is more notorious in the Duque government “and he recalled that, since 2018, when the president took political power”, he calls for the war as a method to maintain its democratic security policy. “
As the Duque government advances, “it deepens its differences with the Peace agreements and those signed with the social movement, and therefore increases the military presence and its militarization plan and control of strategic areas, all in order to boost its authoritarian and neoliberal policy, ”Moreno stressed.
This intensified the social conflict and increased the mobilizations, strikes, social demonstrations in rejection of what they denounced as “State terrorism” and tries to weaken Peace agreements.
Moreno illustrated this with the “future zones” strategy promulgated by the government in 2018, “with US Southern Command adviser “, and which is concentrated in five Colombian regions: Pacific Nariense, Catatumbo, Bajo Cauca-Sur de Crdoba, Arauca, Chibiriquete and the natural national parks near these areas.
All military forces act brutally and solutions to problems such as coca, marijuana and poppy are fumigations, ”Moreno continued, stressing that agricultural alternatives are not sought to strengthen local economies and facilitate crop transition.
“The agreements signed both within the framework of the peace process and with the communities were incomplete and unknown”, he declared and added: “This complexity of the territories and the permanent risk of the communities, calls us to denounce the ‘inside and outside the country to make this Colombia, which is far from being a peace that the government is tearing apart every day. “
At the end of last year, the tension murders and attacks on demobilized former guerrillas has grown so large that the government has publicly FARC Day, who accused the authorities of committing a political “genocide” against their former ranks.
“What is happening is extremely serious, every week there are between one or two murders against our community, without the State reacting effectively “, denounced the senator of this party Victoria Sandino and added that” it is impossible that a random event is repeated more than 240 times, would say 243 “.
According to a UN report at the end of the year, the veteran security engaged in the process “remains the main challenge for the firm and lasting peacebuilding. “
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