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The economic and practical consequences of Brexit are about to start to be felt, after the period of transition between the European Union and the United Kingdom during the negotiation of a new trade agreement.
That deal was sealed on December 24, but the deal will not be experienced the same way by Northern Ireland as the rest of those involved.
And, despite being part of the UK along with England, Scotland and Wales, Northern Ireland will be in a position that many might qualify as more advantageous than the rest.
he Brexit will mean the end of free movement between Europeans and Britons and the application of certain barriers to the movement of goods and services that did not exist previously.
However, most of the new limitations will not apply to Northern Ireland, which shares a land border with the Republic of Ireland, a country which continues to belong to the EU.
Citizens’ rights
People born in Northern Ireland are entitled to both Irish and British nationality.
Those who exercise this right can retain the European citizen, something that is not available to people across the UK who only have UK citizenship.
And this has both mundane and profound consequences.
In the first place, those with an Irish passport will still be able to use the express lines and electronic gates for Europeans at airports. It can earn you more expectations.
Those with a British passport will in principle have to go through the non-European line, where the rest of the other nationalities pass.
Ms. fundamental: those holding an Irish passport will continue to enjoy their right to free movement EU citizens.
This means that they, along with their spouses and children, can live, work and study in any member country of the bloc without a visa and without a time limit.
EU chief negotiator Michel Barnier explained this during a speech in Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland, in 2020.
“While Northern Ireland is no longer part of the EU, people born and raised here who choose to be British citizens will remain European citizens.”
“This means that they will be able to continue to move and reside freely within the EU.”
Study in the EU
After Brexit, The United Kingdom ceases to participate in the Erasmus program, intended for European students to spend a semester or a year in another university in another member country.
Instead, the UK is preparing its own exchange program, which will be called Turing after famous mathematician Alan Turing, but most of the details are still unknown.
However, theStudents at universities in Northern Ireland can continue to participate in the Erasmus program with funding and administrative assistance from the Irish government.
Irish Minister for Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science Simon Harris said: “The Irish government makes a solemn commitment to Northern Ireland so that even after Brexit , we make sure that there is still a way to cooperate. and collaborate in the field of higher education “.
Funding will continue to be available for students enrolled full-time at universities in Northern Ireland.
It will not be limited to those with an Irish passport, but those with a UK passport will also be able to apply.
Trade
UK and European companies will be able to continue selling their products across the Channel free of charge. This was stipulated in the trade agreement concluded on December 24.
But businesses in Great Britain, the territory of the three nations of the United Kingdom (England, Wales and Scotland) but which does not include Northern Ireland, will face a whole new system of non-tariff trade barriers. which includes paperwork, certifications and customs checks. when entering the EU.
Northern Ireland does not face these obstacles because remain in the single European goods market.
This is a consequence of the Northern Ireland Protocol, a special agreement aimed at preventing the so-called “hard border” with its neighboring Republic of Ireland.
For example, a truck with meat products from Northern Ireland can board a ferry in Dublin port in Ireland and disembark at the French port without paperwork or checks.
However, in order for a similar truck to travel from Scotland to France, it will need new export health certificates and authorities will require notification before it arrives.
In addition, you will need to go through border control where the cargo will be physically examined.
This implies, on the other hand, the existence of new trade barriers within the United Kingdom itself.
And is that, although this truck loaded with Scottish meat can be transferred to Cardiff or London without having to go through controls, entering Northern Ireland will be like entering EU territory.
Therefore, you have to submit to the same bureaucracy and control as if you entered a French port.
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