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The fast month of Ramadan, which begins today and tomorrow Tuesday in the Muslim world, change the lives of hundreds of millions of people for a large part of its existence. To understand the basic parameters of this month, especially sacred to believers, here are the main rules.
1. What fasting requires
During the month of fasting, the believer can not eat, drink or have bad between dawn and dusk. In contemporary times, tobacco has been added to bans. he can not smoke either.
A young man breaks the fast in a mosque on the first day of Ramadan, this Monday in Peshawar (Pakistan) (EFE).
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Some rigorous readings add that fasting includes everything that enters the human body in one way or another, so that they add to the list of prohibitions that of makeup or perfume, and even brush your teeth.
But there are also spiritual obligations or recommendations that we do not talk much about: the month of Ramadan is a month of piety and closeness to the neighbor, and therefore the believer must abstain from slander and conflict. This is the reason behind the "Ramadan truces" which are sometimes negotiated in some conflicts of the Muslim world.
2. Who are exempted.
The categories of fast-free people are children (before they reach puberty), the patients, women and menstruating travelers, although these last three categories must "return" the days not worked after the pbadage of Ramadan.
Men prepare food to break the fast on the first day of Ramadan, Monday in Peshawar, Pakistan (EFE).
– The patients: Doctors campaign every year to remember certain categories of patients (mainly diabetics and people with digestive disorders) fasting is harmful, recommendations not always heard because for many Muslims the fulfillment of religion happens before health.
– Women who have their period They do not eat or drink in public because it would amount to giving visibility to their condition. Consequently, they usually eat quietly or secretly.
Indonesian students prepare the evening prayer on the first day of Ramadan on Monday in Medan, Indonesia (EFE).
– The travellers: There is a debate as to whether this exemption makes sense today, since the trips do not look like those that were made when Islam was born: they do not last several days and the believer does not move in caravans through desert places. More and more people are fasting during their travels.
3. Why do you change the date each year?
Ramadan is one of the twelve Islamic monthswhich are governed by the lunar calendar and not by the solar. Lunar months have 29 or 30 days, Thus, in the annual calculation, each lunar year is ten days shorter than solar. This is why Ramadan "gets ready" ten days a year for the universal calendar. And for that very reason, Sometimes Ramadan falls in winter and sometimes in summer.
Ramadan in summer is particularly painful, not only because of the heat, but also the hours of fasting are very longThey generally last more than 16 hours in almost all Muslim-majority countries, mostly located in the northern hemisphere.
Many people break the fast in a mosque on the first day of Ramadan (EFE).
When there are Muslims who, for various reasons, reside in countries very close to the poles, such as In Greenland or Norway, summer fasting can last up to 20 or 22 hours. In these cases, it may happen that the faithful decide in badembly align with the program of Saudi Arabia (to be there in Mecca) and fast the same hours as the Saudis.
4. What is the special importance of this month.
Fasting in Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam (the others are the profession of faith, collective prayer, pilgrimage and almsgiving to the needy). Its importance lies in the fact that it is this month that the Prophet Muhammad (whom Muslims prefer to call Mohamed, also in Spanish) has received revelation and He wrote the Qur'an supposedly dictated by Allah himself (which Muslims prefer to call Allah).
UAE police fire with a cannon to signal the end of the fasting day of Ramadan, this Monday at Umm Al Emarat Park, Abu Dhabi (United Arab Emirates) (EFE).
Muslims say that Ramadan is a month with added "baraka" (divine grace), and it is commonplace to say that the gates of heaven are open throughout the month and that the devil is handcuffed.. This is the month when we commonly believe that the wishes are granted (how to heal a sick person, or get pregnant), and in which there is more pity with sinners Even To die during Ramadan is for many a relief.
Tab on the Muslim fasting month of Ramadan (AFP).
5. How Muslim countries adapt to the pace of Ramadan.
Due to the changes in food and sleep that Ramadan involves, Muslim countries tend to adopt the schedules of schools and offices of the state to make the hours of fasting more bearable. Many private companies also apply these changes, generally opting for continuous scheduling, with subsequent entries and departures.
Faithful who pray on the 27th of the holy month of Ramadan in a mosque of Hay Inbiaat, Sale, in the suburbs of Rabat (EFE).
The cafes are almost all closed during the day and they do their big business at night. Many restaurants choose to take the month of forced holidays.
The stores (mainly clothes and supermarkets) reduce their day time and, after the moment of rupture, they reopen and generally receive a large influx.
But without a doubt, the greatest wealth of the month of Ramadan is, how could it be otherwise, The mosque. The temples overflow and the faithful occupy the streets and streets for the Ramadan star prayer, which it is called "tarawih", which is celebrated just after the first meal of the day.
EFE Agency.
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