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In July 28 anniversary These events that happened on a day like today in Argentina and around the world stand out.
● 1750. Johann Sebastian Bach dies at 65 in Leipzig. He was the greatest composer of German Baroque and one of the peaks of universal music. He distinguished himself as an organist and harpsichordist and is the patriarch of a successful family of musicians. His works include the Mass in B minor, the six suites for solo cello, The Passion according to Saint Matthew, Variants Goldberg, the four orchestral suites, the two violin concertos, the concerto for two violins, the Musical offering, the Toccata and Fugue in D minor, the six Brandenburg Concertos, The well-tempered harpsichord, The art of running away and dozens of cantatas.
● 1821. José de San Martín proclaims the independence of Peru in Lima. Thus culminates the continental plan of the Liberator: to cross the Andes to liberate Chile then to reach Peru by sea to defeat Spanish colonialism in its nerve center. San Martín led a maritime expedition in September 1820 and defeated the royalists after besieging Lima. By declaring independence, he received the title of protector of Peru.
● 1909. English writer Malcolm Lowry was born in Cheshire. Alcohol consumption ended in 1957. He published little in the life and recognition came to him posthumously. From 1947 is his most famous work, Under the volcano, considered one of the greatest novels of the twentieth century, written after his stay in Mexico. Other works: Overseas, Hell stone, Dark as the grave where my friend lies Yes Thunder over Popocatepetl.
● 1927. David Viñas was born. In his youth he was one of the animators of the magazine Side dish, with his brother Ismael, Noé Jitrik, León Rozitchner and Juan José Sebreli. Author of novels such as Land owners Yes Face to face, he is also the author of one of the most relevant essays published in the country: Argentine literature and political reality. In addition, he wrote theater and his short story The boss was taken to the cinema by Fernando Ayala. He lost two children under the dictatorship and had to go into exile. Tireless polemicist, on his return home he joined the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters of the UBA. He died in 2011.
● 1928. Angélica Gorodischer was born in Buenos Aires. One of the main voices of science fiction literature in Spanish, he has lived all his life in Rosario. His works include the volume of stories Trafalgar (on the intergalactic voyages of the picturesque Trafalgar Medrano) and other storybooks, such as Republics, Survival techniques, mint Yes Girls. Among his novels, we can cite Imperial Kalpa (translated into English by Ursula K. Le Guin), Alabaster vases, Bukhara carpet, Fable of the virgin and the firefighter, Tomb of the Jaguars Yes A corkscrew.
● 1947. Celedonio Flores, one of the founding poets of tango, died a few days before his 51st birthday. The verses of canonical tangos such as “Mano a mano”, “Corrientes y Esmeralda”, “El bulín de la calle Ayacucho” and “Margot” are due to his pen.
● 1954. Hugo Chavez was born. A career military man, he rose to prominence with the February 1992 coup attempt against Carlos Andrés Pérez. He was imprisoned. After regaining his freedom, he ran for President of Venezuela in 1998. He won and amended the Constitution. He won again in 2000 and 2006. In 2002, he managed to reverse a blow against him. As the leader of the Bolivarian Revolution, he achieved what I call “21st century socialism”. It was essential to overthrow the FTAA in Mar del Plata, in 2005. A year earlier, it had adopted a recall referendum. In 2007, he lost a vote calling for reform that would allow indefinite re-election. Yet he competed, very ill, in 2012, and won again. Before he died, he appointed Nicolás Maduro as his successor. He died on March 5, 2013.
● 1957. The dictatorial regime of the Liberating Revolution calls for elections to elect the constituents who will restore the Constitution of 1853 instead of the abrogated Peronist Magna Carta of 1949. The return to the first Constitution is done with the Congress closed and, therefore, without law of necessity issued by Parliament for constitutional reform. It is also voted for the first time with proscribed Peronism. The people’s UCR wins with 32% of the vote. It is followed by the other fraction separated from radicalism, the UCRI, which reaches 28. The Socialists obtain eight percent. But the big news is the blank vote, which reaches 24%. This is where the Peronists express themselves by not having their qualified candidates.
● 1998. At the age of 73, the Polish poet Zbigniew Herbert has passed away. Born in 1924, he is considered one of the main European poets of the second half of the 20th century. His works include Still life with bridle, Report of the besieged city and other poems, A barbarian in the garden Yes The labyrinth by the sea.
It is also World Hepatitis Day.
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