The ephemeris of the day: what happened on October 1st | Events in Argentina and around the world

In ephemeris of October 1 These events that happened on a day like today in Argentina and around the world stand out:

● 1892. Emilio Pettoruti, one of Argentina’s leading painters, was born in La Plata. Famous for his harlequins, he died in Paris in 1971.

● 1903. The pianist Vladimir Horowitz was born, one of the most influential of the twentieth century. He lived to be 86 years old and was recognized as one of the most important in the romantic repertoire. He left the USSR in 1925 and returned in 1986, three years before his death, for a historic recital in Moscow.

● 1924. In Plains, Georgia, Jimmy Carter was born, President of the United States between 1977 and 1981. He isolated the Argentine army with his preaching for human rights, until 1980, when he was defeated. by Ronald Reagan, with his image demeaned by the Iranian embassy hostage crisis and the economic situation, with high inflation. During his presidency, the agreement was signed by which Panama regained control of the Interoceanic Canal, and peace was also agreed between Israel and Egypt. Having become an international observer, he received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002.

● 1946. The Nuremberg trial of the hierarchs of Nazism ends. The judges hanged Joachim von Ribbentrop, Alfred Rosenberg, Ernst Kaltenbrunner and Wilhelm Keitel, among other Hitler collaborators. Hermann Göring commits suicide in his cell before climbing to the gallows. Albert Speer, former Minister of Armaments, receives a 20-year prison sentence; Rudolf Hess is sentenced to life imprisonment.

● 1949. The Kuomintang loses its positions in the civil war against the Communists and its leader, Chiang Kai-shek, takes refuge in the last stronghold of the nationalists, Taiwan. Therefore, Mao Zedong proclaims the Communist triumph and the formal birth of the People’s Republic of China.

● 1975. Francisco Franco is speaking in public for the last time. The Spanish dictator addresses his followers in an act in Madrid called to support the regime as the rest of the world repudiates the execution of five political prisoners. He will die fifty days later. On the same day, in the Spanish capital, four policemen were assassinated by a small organization: the October First Antifascist Resistance Groups (GRAPO).

● 2012. British historian Eric Hobsbawm dies aged 95. He rose to fame with the trilogy they form The era of revolution, The Age of Capital and Age of empire; and with his 20th century history, in which he postulates a “short” 20th century, limited by 1914 (start of the First War) and 1989 (fall of the Berlin Wall). He was a communist activist and also wrote on jazz.

● 2017. In Catalonia, the controversial referendum on independence called by the regional government is being held, despite the rejection of President Mariano Rajoy and the Spanish courts. 2.2 million people voted (43% of the electoral roll) and 90% voted yes. With this result, the President of the Generalitat, Carles Puigdemont, proclaimed independence and declared within seconds that it remained suspended, waiting to negotiate with Madrid. Rajoy reacted with the application of article 155 of the Spanish Constitution and the Catalan government intervened. Puigdemont fled to Belgium and the other referendum organizers were tried and convicted, then pardoned. The sovereign crisis still persists.

It is also International Coffee Day and World Vegetarian Day; and in Argentina the Day of the Sea and the Wealth of Fishing is celebrated.