What is Hezbollah | The origin of the organization in …

It is not surprising that the harsh governments of Israel hate Hezbollah so much, because it is a hard policy of Israel that invented Hezbollah. As former Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Barak said, the invasion of Lebanon in 1982 was one of the great political mistakes of the Middle East and culminated in Israel's occupation of Israel. 39, a strip of Gaza to the south. It was a Shia band, and clerics began organizing resistance to the occupation, gaining support for the all-new Islamic revolution in Iran. There is a whole academic debate about whether Hezbollah, the Party of God, was founded this year or was a more or less informal network of armed groups until the formal establishment in 1985. This year, there, groups of Iranian revolution guards began to train the combatants, with the Syrians' agreement and the use of bases on a territory ceded discreetly by the Syrians. This Syrian leg is almost never mentioned by Israelis, British or Americans.

The initial group of armed groups developed in the two Lebanese civil wars, that of 1982-1983 and that of 1985-1986, in the struggle against the American presence in Lebanon and in the fierce resistance to violence. Israeli occupation. Along the way, Hezbollah has been a pioneer in creating an extraordinary hardness of suicide attacks, political badbadinations, prisoner swap, kidnappings, and simple executions. The fact that Syria occupied much of Lebanon also helped Hezbollah, which was placed under its political umbrella and agreed to be its front in the battle with Israel.

In 1990, Hezbollah began to participate in the Lebanese elections, although the former secretary general of the organization opened with a minority group that refused to enter the electoral game. With the approval of Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenenei, the group won the 12 geographically available legislative seats. Thus began the political shift, Hezbollah creating unexpected links with Lebanese Christians and offering a platform of political, cultural and religious freedoms considered "sanctified", but not for groups that it considers to be accomplices of Israel. . It is remarkable to note that an armed organization, initially confessional, began to create political legitimacy within Lebanon.

On its home front, Hezbollah has had three major failures. One was to convince someone that he had become a separate political party from the armed organization Organization of Islamic Jihad. Even before the courts, in the United States, it has been ruled out that this OYI is something separate from the parent organization. Another fiasco was the idea of ​​creating an armed poly-religious front, which did not take off even among the closest Christians. And the third was to support the beleaguered regime of Al Assad in Syria after the 2012 rebellion. Initially, many people understood that this represented a significant political debt, but the years of civil war bore the image, carefully built. that Hezbollah was more political than sectarian.

Meanwhile, in the territories it controls to the east and south, Hezbollah functions like a government, ensuring the maintenance of social services, the maintenance of order, sweeping the streets, paying pensions. He even offers job opportunities because, as he was armed a long time ago, he is bigger and stronger than the national army of Lebanon. The organization also manages four hospitals, twelve schools and twelve dispensaries.

But it is not social services that worry Hezbollah's enemies, but its military strength. With more than sixty thousand fighters, the organization has tens of thousands of short-range rockets, the Russian Katyusha 122, and hundreds of medium-range missiles. The Israelis already saw them using drones, apparently made locally, and they know that the organization has excellent digital defenses in its vast computer networks. Its operational command centers are protected by SA-6 anti-aircraft missile batteries. The famous "intelligence sources" speculate on the number of anti-tank weapons that the Russians have sold him. In recent months, Hezbollah has been receiving an invaluable contribution to its military power with the return of hundreds of hardened militants drawn from years of war in Syria. This conventional war capability is a novelty that can change the role of Hezbollah in the region. Its ability to carry out attacks began with attacks on US bases in 1982 and has already claimed the lives of hundreds of people. The organization even sent fighters and trained Bosnian Muslim troops during the civil war in Yugoslavia.

But what has placed Hezbollah at the center of so many storms is its ability and willingness to attack Israel. During the long years of Israeli occupation of southern Lebanon, Jerusalem launched repeated offensives to eliminate the organization, but eventually withdrew in 2000. Hezbollah staged a military parade of triumph and gained enormously in popularity. Repeated attacks have continued across borders, leaving the organization with the curious role of being the only group able to cross Israeli borders, even briefly. In 2006, Israel launched a retaliatory attack against Hezbollah. The organization launched hundreds of missiles against the Israeli north and the fighting ended with fighting to capture the organization's bunkers.