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What we inherited from our parents is not only what was in their genes, but also what they experienced in their lives and what epigenetically influences the activities of genes: hunger mothers during pregnancy, for example Pbad through, stress does too, and with fathers, many can depend on the time of year they begat us: it was hot, we probably have a greater risk of belonging to the 39 percent of all adults who at least 8400 patients, according to ETH Zurich doctors around Christian Wolfrum with computerized tomographs indicate that brown fat also indicates obesity or even the 13 percent who are obese. – brown adipose tissue (MTD) – represented: In contrast to white-white adipose tissue (WAT) – this stores no energy, on the contrary, it wastes, that is, fat by a short circuit in the metabolism of heat lost. This keeps the babies warm, later the muscles take this function, we have long thought that we adults did not have BAT.
But we have it, in a small measure and hidden, for example on the nape of the neck. born between July and November – that is to say in the winter – people have more BAT and are therefore better prepared for obesity. How it works, Wolfrum explored on mice, which he kept for a while either at 23 moderate or eight degrees cool before being conceived. In females and ova, this made no difference, but in males changed by the cold, sperm epigenome, boys had more BAT and remained slim even with a high-fat diet (Nature Medicine 9 7.), Wolfrum wants to clarify in the next step if this is the case with humans, but he already suspects that "the epidemic of obesity" (World Health Organization WHO) is linked to overheated apartments.
Mothers Give Stress Two Ways
It does not matter. This inheritance comes only from males, another should only carry them, at least in the mouse: If their mothers during pregnancy suffer from stress, it beats on boys – only on males – they thrive worse and have their lives long time more stress hormones in the body. But where and how does it happen? It can occur either in the womb or later, at the time of birth: mammals come into contact with bacteria for the first time, even with those who install themselves as a microbiome in their intestines and strongly influence their physical and mental well-being. [19659003] To clarify, Tracy Bale (University of Pennsylvania) gave birth to male C-section mice – without touching the bacteria in the bad cbad – and then provided them with bacteria taken from the badl microbiome of mice suffering from either Stress or not: Did they do, the boys showed the same symptoms as those who suffered stress in the uterus (Nature Neuroscience 9.7.).
It comes in two ways, but it can not fix it on an obvious: Von Stress-free badl microbiome has not been able to eliminate the consequences of stress in the uterus. "The results are very impressive," Bale concludes, "it's really worth looking at people."
("Die Presse", printed edition, 10.07.2018)
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