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As Austrian politicians discuss an extension of permitted weekly working hours, Canadian researchers are now reporting the possible medical consequences of such a measure: Women at work earn 45 hours a week.
The number of diabetics is increasing. While about 285 million people were affected in 2010, there are currently about 425 million – and the trend is still rising sharply. Healthcare costs were estimated at around $ 1.3 trillion worldwide in 2015.
While some studies have shown that in addition to genetic diseases, obesity, the 39, physical inactivity and poor diet increase the risk of type II diabetes, the influence of social aspects such as working conditions has barely been studied, write the Canadian sociologist Mahée Gilbert-Ouimet and colleagues in the review "BMJ Diabetes Research & Care".
To gain insight into possible linkages, the researchers badyzed the health data of more than 7,000 Canadian workers aged 35 to 74 over a 12-year period. "We have included as many women as men and here only people who work and work more than 15 hours a week – including overtime," the researchers said.
In addition, the data contained clues to marital status. Mbad index, the lifestyle of the participants and information on the job. For example, what time of day or night is worked, whether people are sitting or sitting, and whether they have had to undergo specific training to work
Large Gender Differences
Ten for cent developed throughout the observation period Canadian diabetes participants. Overall, men (12.2%) were more affected than women (7.5%) and, according to previous research, older and obese participants were below this 10% threshold [19659008]. The observational study, however, that this aspect seems to play a role only in women. For example, women who work 45 hours or more a week are much more likely to develop diabetes (63 percent more) than those who work 35 to 40 hours a week. In contrast, for men, the opposite appeared to be the case – according to the data, working hours reduced the risk of diabetes, albeit minimally and not statistically significant.
Researchers can only speculate on the reasons. With regard to the increased risk for women, according to sociologists, working women may be more likely to do extra housework, especially if they have family and children. "Surveys show that women in industrialized countries work twice as many hours per week in the household and badume family responsibilities as men," Gilbert-Ouimet explains. In addition, men who work long-term, rather high-quality and well-paid jobs, according to the study – this could also reduce the level of stress in men. In addition, one-third of the men who had been working for a long time were in more active jobs, where they sat and went, adds the sociologist.
Stress Creates Insulin Resistance
Long hours of work increase the risk of diabetes. to be in constant stress. Thus, chronic stress accelerates the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, which is called the axis of the stresses. This increases the glucocorticoid level and therefore the cortisol stress hormone level. "This in turn can lead to hormonal imbalances, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and obesity," the researchers conclude.
Mahée Gilbert-Ouimet and his colleague point out, however, that their study is only a first indication to give hours of work and an increased risk of diabetes.
Ruth Hutsteiner, Ö1-Wissenschaft
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