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Vienna (APA) – For the first time, Viennese quantum physicists have successfully embedded three light particles (photons) in three dimensions. In the journal "Nature Photonics", the team led by Manuel Erhard and Anton Zeilinger presented his experimental approach, which should allow to teleport much more information from one place to another in the future .
The quantum physical phenomenon of entanglement means that two particles – photons, for example – remain connected one to the other, as if by magic. The measurement on one immediately determines the state of the other, even if they are arbitrarily distant. If we measure, for example, the direction of the oscillation of light (polarization) on one of these particles, we can see that the partner particle also oscillates in the same direction.
As the information, so to speak, pbades from one particle to another, we speak of quantum teleportation. This opens a new channel of transmission, allowing scientists and companies to think intensively about technical applications such as the quantum internet or the quantum computer. At the same time, we want to put as much information as possible in quantum systems. The crux of this is that these highly error-prone and hard-to-implement systems can also be effectively controlled.
Physicists around the world are trying to increase the number of two-dimensional entangled systems, called "qubits", as announced Friday in a statement issued by the University of Vienna and the Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW) . The Viennese scientists are now working not only with systems where three photons are in a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement (GHZ), but they are also connected in three dimensions.
This idea being experimentally very difficult to implement, physicists have tried one of these algorithms developed in recent years, called "Melvin". This computer program independently researches the possibilities of implementation. However, to materialize the suggestions of "Melvin", it was necessary to develop a new multi-port: "This multi-port constitutes the heart of our experience and combines the three photons so that they are nested in three dimensions", explains Erhard.
These new "Qutrit entanglement states", as scientists call them in their works, can now encode much more information than is the case with qubits. On the one hand, this particular case of entanglement makes it possible to address new fundamental questions about the behavior of quantum systems and, on the other hand, to pursue new technological ideas. "I think that the methods and technologies we have developed in this publication allow us to teleport a higher proportion of the total quantum information of a photon, which could be important for quantum communication networks," says Zeilinger.
(S E R V I C E – https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-018-0257-6)
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