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Tests on mice show that the pill can be even more effective than injection
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The new drug uses a technique that improves the absorption of oral insulin. The new drug uses a technique that improves the absorption of insulin by the oral route
. According to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy Society (PNAS) researchers are working on the creation of an insulin pill as an alternative to diabetes treatment. The new drug can make the daily injection schedule obsolete and benefit millions of patients suffering from chronic disease. According to The Guardian there is still no availability to market the drug. The current treatment of type 1 diabetes in which the pancreas does not produce insulin (a crucial hormone for regulation of blood sugar), occurs by daily injections – usually applied two or four times a day. In the case of type 2 diabetes the insulin produced by the body is insufficient or the body does not react as it should to the hormone, so some patients should also use injections to treat the disease
. According to Samir Mitragotri, co-author of the study and professor at Harvard University in the United States, the procedure with injections is invasive and painful for diabetics, especially for patients with type 1 because from an incompatibility with insulin.
Insulin Pill
To create other diabetes medications, researchers took a novel approach by dispersing insulin in a liquid consisting of two components: the choline which is part of the vitamin B complex, and the geranium acid substance used as a food seasoning. During the experiments, the team placed the mixture in capsules made of a material able to withstand the corrosive power of gastric juice and injected into the throat of six rats.
Observations revealed that levels of sugar in the blood of animals fell rapidly, reaching in the first two hours about 62% of initial levels and 55% in 10 hours. In contrast, when insulin was offered in saline or in capsules containing choline or geranic acid separately, there was little effect on blood glucose levels.
The injection is less effective
fifth of the insulin dose in the form of injection and the results showed that the level of glucose in the blood of mice reduced rapidly to near half. However, after four hours, the value approached the initial level. The main author of the study explains that the application of a lower dose of insulin injected was given because there is no barrier to the entry of hormone into the bloodstream, that is to say that the lower value does not interfere in the results. with the injection can be explained by the fact that the liquid in which the insulin was dispersed prevents the breakdown of the hormone by the enzymes of the digestive system after dissolution of the capsule [19659008] This technique helps the substance to cross the mucus layer of the intestine, which allows it to enter the intestinal cells, which helps insulin to reach the blood vessels. "As the pill is able to do the three things that are the top three barriers to oral delivery of diabetes medications, it is very effective at increasing insulin absorption," said Mitragotri ] The Guardian
Pills last longer
Unlike insulin injectable solutions that need to be refrigerated and last only a few weeks, the fluid used in the pill remains stable for two months at room temperature Ambient and at least four months old if it is refrigerated
Despite the promising results, the new drug must still undergo clinical trials which should only happen after tests in diabetic animals show the same effects (the mice involved in the study were nondiabetic).
In addition, some experts are unsure whether the new approach will provide the basic levels of insulin required by type 1 diabetics, or if could be used to provide the amount of Insulin needed for type 2 patients.
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Actor Jose Loreto, 1 Actor Jose Loreto, with type 1 diabetes (Heitor Feitosa / VEJA.com)
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