How is vaccination in the world?

While Brazil is one of the most stringent countries in terms of the national vaccination calendar, Europeans tend to be more flexible. In the 20th century, the world experienced a smallpox epidemic which, between the years 1900 and 1970, left about 500 million dead. In the 1960s, countries around the world united to carry out vaccination campaigns, making the infectious disease, without cure, the only disease to be totally eradicated. The last reported case in Brazil was in 1971 and in the world in 1977 in Somalia.

In the last century, vaccines have made it possible to control deadly infectious diseases. However, in 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued a global alert stating that one in five children worldwide does not receive basic vaccines.

With the low immunization of populations over the past decade, most of the world's diseases re-circulate with great intensity. This is the case of measles, responsible for epidemics in America and Europe; hepatitis, which already kills more than HIV; In the United Kingdom, at least 312 cities are alert for the polio virus, also known as infantile paralysis, and between 1 January and 23 May this year, 995 cases of measles have been identified.

Low immunization during this decade has been attributed to vaccine provocative movements, which argue against the amount of vaccine that has to be taken throughout life, doubts its safety or spreads conspiracy theories linking vaccines to cases

In Brazil, the Ministry of Health also warns the Brazilians to forget some diseases that no longer existed in the territory, so that these people no longer see the need to vaccinate and treat them. vaccinate their children.

According to WHO, vaccines represent the most cost-effective treatment in public health, avoiding 2.5 million deaths annually and reducing costs

Globally Recommended Vaccines

Among the recommended vaccines in the world are: the triple virus, against the measles, rubella and mumps virus; vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus, hepatitis B and pertussis; and annual vaccination against the flu, the flu virus.

Each country has its national immunization schedule, which follows WHO's global and regional recommendations and may change from time to time, depending on local events. [19659006] In some European countries, the vaccination schedule is more flexible and includes fewer vaccinations compared to America.

Brazil

The National Vaccination Plan of the Ministry of Health currently offers 27 vaccines throughout the country, population, of all age groups. These vaccines fight measles, mumps, rubella, tetanus, tuberculosis, yellow fever, diphtheria, whooping cough, polio, influenza and HPV.

Every Brazilian has his own vaccination record. It is the responsibility of parents to keep the document up-to-date during childhood when most of the mandatory vaccines in Brazil are concentrated.

Also, once a year, in the fall, as in other countries of the world, the national influenza vaccination campaign is taking place. Unlike other vaccines – which have a single dose or a booster dose – the flu vaccine lasts 12 months and must be taken each year. Another difference is that it is offered free for a few months and only for at-risk groups: children from six months to five years old; adults from 60 years old; patients with chronic pulmonary, cardiac or metabolic diseases and with changes in immunity; pregnant women; indigenous peoples; deprived of their liberty; health professionals; and public school teachers.

Americas

There are some differences between vaccination patterns in Latin American countries and those in North America, but in general, vaccine-related viruses are the same. The variation usually refers to when the vaccine is taken: in Brazil, for example, the baby is already receiving the first vaccines at the maternity ward; In Canada and the United States, vaccines start to be given only after two months of life.

Special attention is therefore given to the vaccine against yellow fever, which is to enter several countries of South America, such as Brazil and Bolivia, and Central America, such as Panama, but n & # 39; 39; is not mandatory United States and Canada. And be careful: you must have taken the vaccine at least ten days before the trip. In addition, vaccines that have been taken for more than 10 years may not be taken into account, a second dose being necessary.

Another difference is the HPV vaccine that prevents the badually transmitted virus of human papilloma: it is part of the calendars of Latin American countries, but is not mandatory in northern countries.

Africa and Asia

Yellow fever is a major concern for health authorities in Africa, the Indian subcontinent, and Southeast Asia. Malaria is a major concern in sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia.

The yellow fever vaccine is mandatory in all countries of these continents. In the case of malaria, there are no vaccines, and the use of specific repellents and mosquito nets on doors and windows is the only protective measure against the mosquito that transmits the disease.

Europe

The European continent is experiencing a measles outbreak in at least 19 countries, with Greece, Romania, France and Italy being the most affected countries. The European Parliament is drawing attention to antiviral movements – mainly motivated by parents who decide not to vaccinate their children – as responsible for the onset of the virus.

In some Western European countries, such as Germany, BCG – a very common vaccine in babies in Brazil that prevents TB – is no longer applied. In the European Union, BCG is only universal in Portugal, Greece and Ireland.

Vaccines from the National Immunization Program are generally not mandatory in Europe. However, in the face of the measles epidemic, laws pbaded in France, Germany and Italy oblige parents to vaccinate their children against the virus.

In German and Italian cases, fines of $ 600 to $ 3,000 were also provided. law

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