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The increase in the price of gasoline, along with the modification of the Petrobras pricing policy, has caused the sale and production of ethanol in the country. In Minas Gerais, production has been intensified since the beginning of the year to meet demand and increased by 85% from January to May compared to the same period last year. According to Siamig (Association of Sugarcane Industries of Minas Gerais), 781 million liters were produced during this period.
According to a report published by the Union of Sugarcane Industry (Unica), representative entity of the main sugar producing, ethanol and bioelectricity producing units of the Center-region South of the country, the total ethanol sold in June reached, 62 billion liters, with 2.52 billion liters (96% of the total) directed to the domestic market and only 100.03 million liters for the # 39 export.
The growth of hydrated ethanol sales, used as fuel for flex-fuel cars, is particularly noteworthy. The alternative has become fashionable after the truckers strike – which has drawn attention to the escalating price of gasoline.
After the strike, the volume sold by the mills and distilleries of the Center-Sud region in June recorded an increase of 47.8% compared to the amount recorded at the same period last year: 1, 69 billion liters in 2018 compared with just 1.14 billion liters of hydrates in 2017.
Adding the production of anhydride, which is mixed with gasoline, and d & # 39; hydrated ethanol, which powers the flexible car, it is expected that Minas Gerais generates about 3 billion liters in the current crop, from April this year to April 2019.
"Minas is the third largest producer of ethanol in Brazil, behind São Paulo and Goiás only, and there is a market for product consumption.In the fleet Minas Gerais today, more than 70% of vehicles can provide of ethanol, "says Mário Campos, chairman of Siamig .In his opinion, the increase in the price of ethanol. Essence with the new policy adopted by Petrobras was fundamental to boosting alcohol consumption in the state. According to data from the National Petroleum Agency, since price policy came into effect last July, gasoline rose eight times more than inflation, an increase of 23%. "Ethanol is competitive with gasoline since the beginning of the year. Gasoline consumption has dropped by 20% over last year, which shows that the consumer opts for ethanol, "he explains.
Even so, the market share that bets on alcohol is still considerably lower than that of the loyal to gasoline. "Only 30% of minors provide alcohol, even though it's cheaper than gasoline, mainly because of prejudice or ignorance." It's a very small slice, "says Campos.
Sugar fallen
Due to the most profitable ethanol, sugar production decreased by 23.6% in the last fifteen days of June 2018, according to the 39, Unica survey, reaching 2.28 million tonnes in the second half of the 45.31 million tonnes obtained by processing sugar cane in the second half of the year In June, only 37.6% was destined for sugar production, which contrasts sharply with the 50.5% recorded in the same date of 2017.
A simple calculation can help the consumer to evaluate whether it is better to store with alcohol or gasoline. Professor Paulo Henrique Tavares, of Ibmec's mechanical engineering course, explains that it is necessary to divide the value of gasoline by that of ethanol. If the result is less than 0.7, it means that gasoline is expensive and that it is worthwhile to choose alcohol.
"The value of ethanol is advantageous when it reaches up to 70% of the price of gasoline.If it's bigger, it ends up costing more According to the specialist, this happens because alcohol gives up 30% less than gasoline and forces the consumer to go to the station more often.
This is actually one of the reasons most consumers opt for gasoline, even when ethanol costs less. "The gasoline guarantees more money." consumer autonomy. With alcohol, visits to the pumps become more frequent, "says the professor. He points out, however, that historical biases with ethanol also encourage many people to avoid consumption. "When ethanol arrived in Brazil in the 1980s, cars still had no electronic fuel injection technology and the pipelines were not perfectly suited to ethanol which is more corrosive than gasoline. This is why many vehicles were faulty. But today, it does not exist anymore, "explains Tavares.
Competitiveness
A price survey conducted by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP) indicates that, on average, hydrated ethanol has been user friendly since May. this year, the month where the average price parity between hydrated and gasoline reached 65%.
In Minas, the ratio in July reached 63%.
The data published by the ANP also indicate that the states where the ethanol supply was most advantageous are: Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Mato Grosso and Goiás.
The 212 municipalities sampled by the Agency are economically attractive to hydrated people, in 90% of these cities the recorded parity is less than 67%.
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