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Headquartered in Miami, Carnival is a global company with a strong hold on the cruise market. In addition to Princess, her cruising lines include Carnival Cruise Line, Holland America Line and Seabourn. Together, the various brands serve approximately 11 million passengers each year, or about 50% of the global cruise market, according to the company's website.
The market value of Carnival is estimated at nearly $ 35 billion.
In 2002, Carnival was fined $ 18 million after pleading guilty to criminal charges of falsifying oil-contaminated bilge records that six of his ships dumped at sea.
The company has been subject to further scrutiny after Princess agreed in 2016 to plead guilty to a crime charge and pay a hefty $ 40 million fine.
In this case, prosecutors said that employees of one of the company's Caribbean Princess cruise ships had used several means, including a device called a magic hose, to bypass the water purification mechanisms and digital oil level monitoring devices. Officials said four other Princess vessels were also involved in illegal dumping practices.
Discarded waste included greywater – water contaminated with food particles, grease and grease – and water found in the ship's hold, the lower part of the vessel where engine oil residue can accumulate.
Officials said that one of the reasons for the dumping was to save money, because the removal of the ship 's waste in the ports is expensive.
As part of this agreement, Princess was placed on probation for five years and other Carnival cruisers were subject to audits and controls. During the first two years of surveillance, officials found "numerous violations," ranging from pollution to deception, according to federal prosecutors.
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