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In the work published today by the journal "Nature Genetics", more than 80 authors from 60 research centers participated, including researchers from the University of Barcelona (UB), Vall hospitals. from Hebron and Mutual. Terrbada and the Institute of World Health in Barcelona (ISGlobal).
Research has badyzed approximately 10 million genome positions in more than 50,000 people from different countries in Europe, the United States, Canada, and China.
This badysis, which is the first genomic-scale global study on ADHD, has identified 12 specific DNA-related fragments related to susceptibility to this condition, which is the ## EQU1 ## 39, one of the most common psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. about 5% of children and 2.5% of adults.
ADHD is characterized by a deficit of attention, hyperactivity and impulsive behavior, which limits the personal and social lives of those affected.
Result of the combination of environmental factors
Of unknown origin, everything indicates that ADHD results from a combination of environmental factors (toxicological, psychosocial, etc.). ) with a polygenic hereditary base (which would explain about 75% of the disorder).
The book, edited by Harvard and New York Universities (USA) and Aarhus (Denmark), examines the role of frequent genetic variants in the general population in this disorder.
The study found that common genetic variants "have a weight of 21% in the total genetics of ADHD," says Bru Cormand, head of the neurogenetics research group at the Faculty of Biology of Columbia University.
"In addition," he added, "most of the identified genetic alterations occur in regions of the highly preserved genome during evolution, indicating its functional relevance." [19659002] In particular, the research has identified twelve genomic segments, ten of which correspond to specific genes, that confer susceptibility to ADHD and have discovered that genetic modifications related to this disorder have an impact on the regulatory elements of gene expression. in the brain.
Among the fragments identified is the FOXP2 gene, one of the most studied in terms of human language development, which encodes a protein that plays an important role in the formation of neuronal synapses. # 39; learning.
FOXP2 had already been designated as a candidate gene for ADHD in a study conducted in 2012 with several Spanish authors who repeated in this new work. and now it's one of the few genes cited in the scientific literature that reappears in this new genetic map of ADHD. [19659002] Another of the identified genes, DUSP6, is involved in the control of dopaminergic neurotransmission, the target process of the most common pharmacological treatments for ADHD.
A third gene, SEMA6D, is expressed in the brain. during embryonic development, it may also play an important role in the formation of neuronal branches.
The international study also examined the possible shared genetic basis between ADHD and over 200 traits, both psychiatric and non-psychiatric.
According to Cormand, "the results reveal genetic overlaps between ADHD and major depression, anorexia, educational level, obesity, reproductive success, smoking or smoking. # 39; insomnia. "
According to Cormand, "this study reinforces, against some negationist voices, the idea that ADHD is a solid biological-based disorder, in which genetics has a lot to say."
The Catalan Researcher stressed "the importance of promoting large-scale studies that are only possible through large international consortia in order to explore the genetic basis of complex brain diseases". EFEfuturo
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