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That day, the Earth will cross what is called aphelion a word of Greek origin meaning "far from the Sun."
"The aphelion is the point of Earth's orbit around the Sun the one whose Earth is farthest from our star and the perihelion (near the Sun) is just the opposite point, that is to say the point of Earth's orbit where the Earth is closer to the Sun ", explained to the BBC Mundo Nayra Rodríguez Eugenio Astrophysicist and Discloser of the Astrophysical Institute of the Canary Islands
"In perihelion the Sun is about 147 million km from the Earth, and when it is in the aphelion, it is about 152 million km from the Sun. "
The distance varies because the Earth's orbit around the Sun is not a perfect circumference but elliptical.
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In the aphelion, "the Earth is a little further, 5 million kilometers farther from the Sun", than in perihelion.
Speed
The aphelion takes place every year between the July 2 and 7. Perihelion took place this year on January 3.
Copyright of the imageNASAImage LegendThe distance varies because the orbit of the Earth around the Sun is not a perfect circumference but elliptical.
The greatest distance between Earth and the Sun will be inscribed on July 6 at 17:46 GMT, while the planet and its star are at 152,095,566 km.
The greatest distance is translated by a lower speed As Keple's second law emphasizes, when the planets are close to the Sun in their orbit, they move faster than when they are farther away.
The greater distance in aphelion means that the orbital translation velocity will be less than 103,536 km per hour, m to s of 7,000 km per hour less than velocity in [perihelion .
Seasons
The greater or lesser distance to the Sun during aphelion or perihelion not related at all to temperature variations during the seasons .
"The stations are produced by the tilt of the axis of rotation of T field compared to the plane that describes around the Sun, which is what which we call the ecliptic, "said Rodriguez Eugenio.
"This axis is tilted about 23.5 degrees and so when we are in the northern hemisphere summer, the north axis, ie" On the other hand, in winter, our north pole points in the opposite direction, it is not exactly the opposite because it is about 23.5 degrees, but it is pointing in the opposite direction to the Sun. "
More water in the southern hemisphere
The summer of the northern hemisphere coincides with the aphelion," but we are getting more solar radiation here in the northern hemisphere because the sun is higher in the horizon and we also have more hours of sunshine, "says astrophysics. 19659003] In the southern hemisphere, on the other hand, summer coincides with perihelion
"This could make us think that in the southern hemisphere, the temperature rises more only north in summer, because off the slope, the Earth is also closer to the Sun, "says Rodríguez Eugenio.
But it's not like that
" in the southern hemisphere amount of water and this does not increase the temperature much. "
" This seems to be because the earth heats much more easily than water and, since the southern hemisphere has a greater proportion of its surface covered by water, the excess energy is absorbed by it. "
Therefore, in summer, both in the southern hemisphere as in the northern hemisphere, the temperature is about the same, explained astrophysics ica.
BBC
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