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China, European Union, Mexico, Canada, Japan … What are the fronts opened by President Donald Trump to keep his promise to reduce the trade deficit and protect investment and employment in United States?
] China
Announced two weeks ago, Trump's 25% duty came into effect this Friday. Automobiles, computer hard drives and even aircraft parts are included in the $ 34 billion of Chinese imports affected.
The Chinese Ministry of Commerce accuses Washington of launching "the biggest commercial war of economic history". And, according to the authorities, the Chinese retaliation measures have an immediate effect. Although its nature and scope were not specified, China had already warned that it would impose tariffs strictly equivalent to $ 34,000 million of US imports.
A second batch of duties on $ 16,000 million of Chinese imports would come into force in two more weeks, which would affect the total $ 50 billion in imports, to offset what Washington sees as a theft of intellectual property and technology by Beijing.
Trump has also declared itself ready in recent weeks to impose additional duties for a total of $ 450,000 million of Chinese products.
European Union
Bourbon, cowboys, Harvey Davidson: the European Union adopted "unanimously" on June 21 retaliate against dozens of US products for to meet the tariffs imposed by Washington on the
Countermeasures aim to compensate some 2,800 million euros damages caused by US taxes
Later, the EU could apply rights customs on other US products, worth 3,600 million euros. in case he wins a dispute that confronts the United States with the World Trade Organization (WTO).
In addition, the EU is concerned about the rates that the United States considers as applying to imported cars. To defend the booming German auto industry, Chancellor Angela Merkel has declared herself "ready" to negotiate with the United States a general reduction of tariffs in this sector.
Canada and Mexico
Tensions continue to increase between Washington and Ottawa following the entry into force of US tariffs on steel and steel. Aluminum
Like the EU, Canada took retaliatory measures for about $ 12,600 million, which came into effect on June 30. Apart from American steel and aluminum, whiskey, ketchup, orange juice, sail and motor boats and even lawn mowers have been affected.
Following the announcement of Washington on steel and aluminum, Mexico also decided to impose equivalent duties "on various products" imported from the United States, including including some steels, fruits and cheeses.
On the other hand, negotiations between the United States, Mexico and Canada to modernize the North Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), in effect since 1994, skid.
Russia
Also affected by steel tariffs, Russia informed the WTO that it was considering taking retaliatory measures. Moscow says that these US taxes cost about $ 538 million.
Trade relations between the two countries are also marked by sanctions imposed by Washington against various personalities and entities, accused of participating in the "attacks" of Moscow against "Western democracies".
Iran
The United States announced in early May their withdrawal from the agreement on the Iranian nuclear program signed by the government of Barack Obama and decided to reinstate its sanctions against Tehran and all companies with links to the Islamic Republic.
The Americans gave these companies a period of 90 to 180 days to withdraw from Iran. The first installment of the reinstatement of sanctions, scheduled for August 6, will concern the automotive industry and civil aviation. The energy and finance sectors will follow on November 4th.
The United States also plans to reduce Iran's oil exports to zero and Trump continues to call for increased production from other major oil exporters, mainly Saudi Arabia. 19659004]
J apón
Affected since March by steel tariffs, Japan has informed the WTO of its desire to take revenge for 50,000 million yen ($ 450 million)
The threat of taxes on car imports is the main fear of the country.
South Korea
The White House announced on May 1 that it had renegotiated its free trade agreement with Seoul, ending a conflict with South Korea.
For this deal, Seoul agrees to further open its market to American Cars and has promised to reduce its US steel sales by 30%.
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