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Of the ten monitoring stations with the biggest environmental problems in the country, seven are located in the valley of Aburrá. This was established by Ideam in the Fifth Report on the State of Air Quality, which badyzes the behavior and the spatial and temporal distribution of air pollutants evaluated nationally in 2017.
Municipalities and reporting stations greater than 2.5 microns (unit length equal to one thousandth of a millimeter) are: Sabaneta (southern traffic in the region), Medellín (center), Bogotá (Carvajal- Sevillana), Medellín (Faculty of Mines), Caldas (Lasallista), Bogotá (Kennedy), Itaguí (House of Justice), Cali (Universidad del Valle), Medellin (Tanque la Ye) and Itaguí (Council).
According to the Institute, the most monitored pollutant is particulate matter less than ten microns (PM10) with 163 stations, accounting for 16% more than in 2016. Second, there is the material particulate less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) with 89 stations, which you represent n significant increase of 89% compared to 2016.
Regarding the indicator of compliance with the quality standard of the & # 39; Air, which states that in the case of PM2.5 it should not exceed 25 micrograms per cubic meter per year, Ideam reported progress. While in 2016, 65.6% of the stations reported complying with the standard, in 2017, 88% of the stations that met the limit responded to this request.
The director of Ideam, Omar Franco, explained at a press conference, despite the fact that 88% of the monitoring stations met the standard, disturbances occur in Bogotá, especially in Sevillana and Kennedy, where the stations have highly polluting materials at high concentrations. It also worries Medellín because there are two stations, south and center of the valley of Aburrá, which have high pollutants.
He explained that the critical points of each city remain the same as it was three years ago. "What we have found is that it does not happen all over the city of Medellín and not all over Bogotá, it is very concentrated by the resorts," Franco said.
For Ideam, this follow-up should lead the authorities to make substantive decisions, regarding, for example, traffic, industry and land use planning. "With this report, we say that for three years the concentrations of pollutants are in the same place, beyond the good management that is being done, for example, the metropolitan area of Medellin, because". they must absolutely improve management "
He insisted that for three years he reports poor quality at the same points of concentration, which means that" these communities have received the same pollutant emissions. Invitation to all actors is that fundamental decisions must be made because there are populations that have been exposed for a long time. "
Deputy Minister of the Environment, Willer Guevara, reported that 80% of pollutants come from vehicle combustion. "We have to go and look at the critical areas of traffic that generate these results to act immediately," he said.
Carlos David Hoyos, Director of the Early Warning System of the Aburrá Valley (Siata), reported that the Ideam report was not not precise because it mixes stations of activity of population, circulation automobile and industrial. "You can not compare the three types of stations as the report does."
According to Hoyos, 7 of the 10 most critical stations in the country, in PM2.5 particle accumulation, are in the Aburrá Valley, It has an explanation. "Of the 40 measuring stations in Colombia, 21 are located in the metropolitan area.It is logical that we have more records."
The official said that 5 of the 21 regional stations violate the national standard, in particular, the two traffic monitoring vehicles in the south (Sabaneta) and the center of Medellin. The other three points, above the national stipulation, are the population stations located at the House of Justice of Itagüí, in Lasallista in Caldas and at the Faculty of Mines (North-West of Medellín)
"The report is worried about stigma that may generate in the Aburrá Valley," Hoyos added. Despite this, he acknowledged that the data were provided by Siata and, given that the situation has been known in the region for two years, the metropolitan area approved in 2017 the comprehensive quality management plan for the Siata. air (Pigeca), Among the actions envisaged in the Pigeca is the modernization of the public transport fleet with clean technologies, the renewal of trucks and dump trucks, the replacement of industrial boilers, the reinforcement of bicycle paths and pedestrian zones.
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