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Mexico will become one of the leading countries in terms of gender parity. The Mexican legislature taking office on 1 September next will be the fourth with the largest number of women in the world
Of the next administration, 48.8% of representatives to the Congress of the Union will be women. In the Chamber of Deputies, there will be 244 legislators, equivalent to 48% of seats, and in the Senate, there will be 63, 49% of seats, according to the National Electoral Institute (INE) [19659003]. In the last elections, Mexico will rank fourth in the ranking of legislators with the highest number of women, below Rwanda, Cuba and Bolivia, according to the archives of the Inter-Parliamentary Union [19659003]. Mexico at an advanced level in terms of democratic parity, "says in an interview for Reporte Índigo Belén Sanz Luque, representative of UN Women in Mexico.
Part of the gender parity in the Mexican Congress is due to the electoral reform of 2014
The delegate added that the result of the elections shows that Mexico complies with all international obligations to guarantee women's rights, however, she adds that there is still some way to go to reach a parity democracy
"We hope that parity will become a state in which all women's rights are guaranteed at all levels. New and new lawmakers will have this challenge and we hope that clear results can be seen in the years to come, "says the head of the United Nations agency in Mexico
Potential Impacts
D & # On the other hand, Sanz Luque comments that it is difficult to determine the repercussions of joint representation, nevertheless, she argues that when there are more legislators, the level of acceptance of the role of women in politics increases
"This representation is important to society, there are men and women in parity, which changes stereotypes about the roles of women in the public," he says. 19659002] Sanz Luque adds that another effect of parity is an increasing quality and diversity of legislative debate, that is, deputies and senators could bring to the table discussions that n & rsquo; Have not been d Previously, the representative states that editions show that members of Congress favor legislative processes in the field of women's rights.
Consider that this phenomenon could occur in the next Mexican legislature because of the high percentage of women senators and deputies.
On the other hand, Sanz Luque warns that gender parity in cameras also triggers an articulation between deputies or senators from different parties. . Lawmakers unite and conclude agreements when they must approve laws or reforms related to women's rights.
"Parity brings together women from different parties or parties who are in favor of equality.This representativeness should affect a higher level of legislative progress on women's human rights, but should not be attributed as an exclusive responsibility of women, but of all legislators "
– Belén Sanz Luque
Representative of the UN Women in Mexico
Discrimination and Challenges
Sanz Luque states that in Mexico and other countries, women not only face challenges in being elected as representatives, but also in other types of problems.
"The challenges they face are linked to a lack of respect for and acceptance of women's role in politics and forms of violence specifically based on gender discrimination," she explains [19659003]. To avoid this type of situation, it is important that existing gender protocols are used in the next administration. [19659002] In addition, Sanz Luque emphasizes that elected women also face difficulties related to legislative work. In light of this problem, she recommends that MPs and Senators create support networks.
"It is important that they create networks of elected women and that they share experiences about the challenges they face. The state and civil society must also provide support so that women parliamentarians do not exercise alone.
How was gender parity reached?
owes to the electoral reform of 2014, where it is established that the candidacies of all parties and coalitions at the federal level must follow the 50-50 principle between men and women, ie half of the candidates for them and the Other half
Part of the gender parity in Congress is due to the 2014 electoral reform, which states that all parties and coalitions at the federal level must meet the 50-50 men and women. women, that is half of the nominations for them and the other half for them.
A Regional Phenomenon
Gender parity in legislative bodies is not only a reality in Mexico, but in different countries of America. ica Latina. Bolivia is the second country in this ranking with 53.1% of women in its chambers and Cuba with 53.2% in its parliament, according to the Inter-Parliamentary Union Registry updated on June 1 of this year.
Nicaragua appears in fifth place with 45.7% and Costa Rica sixth with 45.6% of women in its legislative powers. In total, America has 29% of female representation in its rooms.
"Latin America is the region with the highest level of representation in women's parliaments around the world and it's a very positive trend," concludes UN Women's Representative in the United States. Mexico
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