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The agency of NASA is about to launch its new mission which has nothing or nothing less as a destination, on Sun . The goal is to get closer to our star in fact, as close as any other mission to date.
In the part of the crown named part of the solar atmosphere the Parker Solar Probe of the NASA will offer observations without previous of which leads the wide ranges of particles, energies and heat that cross the region, spitting particles in the solar system further Neptune .
Obviously, inside the crown is an unimaginable heat. The spacecraft of the NASA will travel across matter with temperatures exceeding one million degrees Fahrenheit, while being bombarded with intense sunlight.
The question many ask is: why will not she melt her?
The Solar Probe Parker was designed to withstand extreme conditions and temperature fluctuations for the mission. NASA in a video published in YouTube and in an article published on his official website. The key is in its custom heat shield and an autonomous system that helps protect the mission from intense light emission from the Sun, but allows the coronal material to "touch" the spacecraft.
The science that explains why it does not melt
The understanding of the notion of heat as a function of temperature is a key element in understanding what keeps the spacecraft and its safe instruments. Contrary to what one might think, high temperatures do not always result in the heating of another object, explains NASA on his official website
In the 39 In space, the temperature can reach thousands of degrees without providing significant heat to a given object or feeling the heat. Because? Temperature measures the speed at which particles move, while heat measures the total amount of energy that they transfer. The particles can move quickly (high temperature), but if they are very few, they will not transmit much energy (low temperature). As the space is almost empty, there are very few particles that can transfer energy to the spacecraft.
The crown by which Parker Solar Probe flies, for example, has an extremely high temperature but very low density. For example, NASA suggests thinking about the difference between putting your hand in a hot oven or putting it in a saucepan of boiling water: in the oven, your hand can withstand much higher temperatures for more in the water where it has to interact with many more particles. Similarly, with respect to the visible surface of the Sun, the corona is less dense, so that the spacecraft interacts with fewer hot particles and does not receive as much heat.
This means that Parker Solar Probe will travel through a space with temperatures of several million degrees, the surface of the heat shield facing the sun will only warm up to about 2500 degrees Fahrenheit (about 1400 degrees Celsius).
The Protective Shield
] Clearly, thousands of degrees Fahrenheit is still too hot. To give an example, the lava of volcanic eruptions is between 1300 and 2200 F. And to withstand this heat, Parker Solar Probe uses a thermal shield known as the thermal protection system, or TPS which has a diameter of 8 feet (2.4 meters) and a thickness of 4.5 inches (about 115 mm). These few inches of protection mean that just on the other side of the shield, the body of the spacecraft will sit at a comfortable temperature of 30 ° C (85 ° F).
The TPS was designed by the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, and was built in Carbon-Carbon Advanced Technologies, using a composite carbon foam sandwiched between two carbon plates. This light insulation will be accompanied by a final touch of white ceramic paint on the plate facing the sun, to reflect as much warmth as possible. Tested to withstand up to 3,000 F (1,650 C), the TPS can handle any heat that the sun can send, keeping all instruments almost secure.
DATA KEY ON NASA
The NASA is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the United States.
It was founded by President Dwight D. Einsenhower in 1958 with a civil orientation.
Among the most important successes of NASA are the missions Apollo that reached the Moon. Currently supports the International Space Station while exploring other planets, stars, being its closest target Mars, the red planet.
DATA KEYS ABOUT THE SUN …
This is a G-type star that is at the center of our system in the Milky Way.
It is an almost perfect spherical plasma ball that has a magnetic field.
Three-quarters of its mbad consists of hydrogen. The rest is helium and other elements such as oxygen, carbon, neon and iron.
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