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EAsthma is defined as a chronic disease that causes inflammation of the airways of the lungs, responsible for the entry and exit of these air organs. This also makes the muscles inside and around these tracks harder or too narrow.
Due to inflammation, the patient's airways generate sticky secretions called mucus, while the stiffness of the muscles makes it difficult to breathe.
Experts point out that asthma can be a genetic disease, but it is very possible that some people develop it without having a family history.
What can cause asthma?
According to the National Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood, many factors can cause or trigger an asthma attack at home:
· Mites, furs, badroaches, mold and pollen from trees, herbs and flowers
· Irritants such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, chemicals or dust in the workplace, compounds in home decorating products and atomizers (eg hair fixatives)
· Sulphites present in foods and beverages
· Infections of the upper respiratory tract, such as colds.
· Physical activity (including exercise)
Factors such as sinusitis, reflux (stomach burns), psychological stress and even sleep apnea contribute to respiratory crises. These health problems should be treated as part of the general plan of health care for asthma.
Because of the difficulty in breathing, the child also feels a choking sensation that limits him to performing activities such as running or moving around easily.
They may also have chest, abdomen or back pain. This is normal because in the breathing effort, they use accessory muscles and generate pain.
Respiratory distress episodes to varying degrees: Difficulty in breathing begins with a feeling of choking, that is, an inability to properly enter the air and the lungs. The child with asthma starts to take relief positions, to make hiccups that speed up the breathing pattern and the thorax expansion.
This difficulty breathing can be accompanied by a cyanosis, which consists of a blue color that appears on the lips and fingers of the child.
Cough: it is mainly a dry cough. At first, it may be mild, but the timing is right to start providing the rescue medication to the child, the most common being salbutamol. The drug controls the symptoms, relaxes the muscle that covers the airways and allows air to circulate more easily. In case of asthmatic crisis, the cough can also increase and stop being dry to become wet. This happens when you start to expel secretions. In young children, the cough can be so strong that it causes vomiting in which they expel phlegm, mucus and a thick salivation. In older children, the cough is a little more controllable.
Whistling in the chest: this is actually a beep in the form of audible whine that comes from the chest. It is produced by the obstruction of the bronchus when it is very inflamed and that the pbadage of air is difficult. This high pitch is noticeable during a physical exam.
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