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A study of the eating habits of more than 1,000 people with and without psychiatric disorders found a link between eating nitrated salty meats such as dried beef and meat sticks, and episodes of mania, a serious neuropsychological disorder . define the characteristics of bipolar disorder (DBP). The results of the study, conducted by Robert H. Yolken, MD, Theodore Vada and Stanley Distinguished Professor of Neurovirology in Pediatrics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, showed that people hospitalized for an episode of mania were more than three It is more likely that salted meats with nitrate have never been consumed than those without a serious psychiatric history. "We have looked at a number of different dietary exposures and the salty meat has really stood out," says Dr. Yolken. "Other experiments have shown that healthy rats fed a diet containing nitrate-based salt meats or added nitrates triggered manic hyperactivity in just a few weeks. The researchers suggest that their findings add weight to the evidence linking dietary factors with the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders such as BPD. In their article published in Molecular Psychiatry they suggest that these discoveries could also "lead to new methods to prevent mania and develop new therapeutic interventions"
"Future work on this badociation could lead to Interventions to reduce the risk of manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder or those vulnerable to mania, "says Dr. Yolken, who publishes an article titled" Nitrogen meat products are badociated with mania among humans and altered behavior. gene expression of the brain in rats. "
Previous studies have identified a number of genetic risk factors for BPD and other neuropsychiatric disorders, but these are not the complete answer, the authors emphasize. environment in the mediation and spread of neuropsychiatric diseases. "The diet has been highlighted as an environmental factor potentially at the risk of borderline disorder and other risks of neuropsychiatric disorders, through various mechanisms ranging from neurotoxicity from traces of heavy metals to changes in the intestinal microbiome and the brain axis.
Study the potential link between environmental exposures and Due to psychiatric disorders, Dr. Yolken's team undertook a study in which they collected demographic, health and diet data from 1,101 ec or without psychiatric disorders. The study was part of ongoing research, initiated in 2001, and including nutritional data collected since 2007. Participants with a range of psychiatric disorders were recruited from patients who were undergoing psychiatric treatment at Sheppard Pratt Health System. in Baltimore.
The main inclusion criterion for participants with mania was the current admission to the hospital for symptoms of mania or hypomania. Patients with mania had been diagnosed with different forms of bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder. Food exposure data were badessed using a questionnaire developed by the researchers, which asked participants whether or not they had eaten certain types of foods, without going into details such as amount or time period.
The resulting badyzes revealed "unexpectedly" that a history of eating nitrate-dried meats such as dried beef and meat sticks – but not dried meats such as salami or prosciutto – were badociated with acute mania, even after adjusting for confusion. factors. No other food was badociated with mania, and salted nitrate meats were not directly badociated with the diagnosis of another neuropsychiatric disorder, including schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, borderline disorder, bipolar depression or major depressive disorder. The team then investigated the potential effects of nitrate salted meats on the behavior of healthy rats. Working with colleagues from Johns Hopkins, Seva Khambadkone, and Kellie Tamashiro, Ph.D., badociate professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, researchers conducted three sets of experiments in which animals were fed either with normal rats, either with nitrates. salted meat preparations, processed meats without added nitrates, or non-nitrated meat, to which nitrate has been added separately. It is important to note that the amount of nitrate consumed by rats was equivalent to the amount ingested by humans in a daily snack, such as a hot dog or beef stick. "We tried to make sure that the amount of nitrate used in the experiment was in the range of what people could reasonably eat," says Dr. Yolken.
Within a few weeks, rats consume nitrated meat or the added nitrates developed a locomotor hyperactivity that mimicked the symptoms of human mania.These animals also showed changes in the hippocampal pathways in the brain that were involved in human bipolar disorder, as well as alterations of their gut microbiota. prepared without nitrates has not induced behavioral changes or hyperactivity.
Food exposure to nitrate salt meat has previously been implicated in disorders including various types of cancer, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the underlying mechanisms are not understood, the researchers point out. "To our knowledge, this is the first study badociating exposure to meat treated with a neuropsychiatric disorder," remember that further studies will be needed. Nevertheless, they write, "individuals at risk of mania may consider limiting ingestion of additional dietary nitrates."
"It is clear that mania is a complex neuropsychiatric state, and that genetic and environmental issues are probably involved in the emergence. the severity of bipolar disorder and badociated manic episodes, "comments Khambadkone." Our findings suggest that nitrated salt meat could be an environmental player in the mediation of mania. "
Dr. Yolken's group has already reported results demonstrating that patients with bipolar disorder treated with probiotics after a manic episode are less likely to be hospitalized in the next six months. "There is growing evidence that germs in the intestines can influence the brain, "says Dr. Yolken." And this work on nitrates opens the door to future studies on how this can happen. "
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