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The study, which was not designed to determine the cause and effect of the disease, was found in the study. effect, found that people hospitalized for an episode of mania had more than three times the probability of having already eaten vian salty nitrates than people without a history of serious psychiatric disorders.
Experiments conducted on rats by the same researchers showed nia-like hyperactivity after only a few weeks on diets with added nitrates. While a number of genetic and other risk factors have been badociated with manic episodes that characterize bipolar disorder and may occur in other psychiatric conditions, these factors have been unable to explain the cause. of these mental illnesses.
Diet Intervention
Researchers say their new study adds evidence that some diets and potentially quantities and types of bacteria in the intestine may contribute to mania and other disorders [19659006] "Future work on this badociation could lead to dietary interventions to help reduce the risk of manic episodes in people with bipolar disorder or mania",
said Robert Yolken, lead author . , MD, Theodore and Vada Stanley Emeritus Professor of Neurovirology in Pediatrics at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.
Mania, a high mood state, the excitation and energy that lasts for weeks or months, is usually seen in people with bipolar disorder, but can also occur in people with schizoaffective disorder. Manic states can lead to dangerous risk behaviors and may include delusional thinking, and most affected people experience multiple hospitalizations during their psychiatric illness.
Bipolar disorder affects about 1 to 3% of the US population. According to a study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders, the cost of direct health care is estimated at $ 25 billion a year.
Going Viral
Yolken, infectious disease expert, was originally interested From 1965 to 2017, as part of an ongoing study, he and his colleagues collected demographic, health data and food for 1,101 people aged 18 to 65, with or without infection. psychiatric disorders. About 55 percent of participants were women and 55 percent were Caucasian, with 36 percent identifying as African-Americans.
Those with psychiatric disorders were recruited from patients receiving care at the Sheppard Pratt Health System in Baltimore. People without a history of psychiatric disorders were recruited from advertisements posted at local health facilities and universities in the area.
A study of their records between 2007 and 2017 showed that, unexpectedly, among those hospitalized for the history of consumption of dried meat prior to hospitalization were approximately 3.5 times higher than those of people without psychiatric disorder.
Healed meats were not badociated with a diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder in outpatients for mania or major depressive disorder. . No other food about which participants were interviewed had a significant badociation with any of these disorders or with mania.
"We looked at a number of different dietary exposures and salted meat really stood out. Nitrates Mania
Nitrate Mania
Nitrates have long been used as preservatives in processed meats and have already been linked to certain cancers and neurodegenerative disorders. Yolken suspects that they can also explain the connection with moods such as mania.
The food survey did not ask about the frequency or duration of meat consumption, so researchers could not draw exact conclusions Meat increases the risk of mania, but Yolken hopefully future studies will tackle them
To get to the sources of the badociation, Yolken collaborated with researchers studying the impact of nitrates on rats.
Kellie Tamashiro, Ph.D., badociate professor of psychiatry and behavioral science, and MD / Ph.D. Seva Khambadkone, of Johns Hopkins, and others divided a group of healthy rats in two groups: one received a normal puff of rats and the other received both a normal bite and a piece of dried beef prepared with nitrate.
Within two weeks, rats receiving jerky showed irregular sleep patterns and hyperactivity.
Next, the team worked with a dried beef company in Baltimore to create a dried beef without nitrate. They repeated the experiment by giving this time to some rats the dried meat prepared with the help of nitrate, and others the preparation without nitrates.
Animals that ate meat without nitrate behaved in the same way as a control group. Nitrate consumption again showed sleep disturbances and hyperactivity similar to that observed in manic patients – increased activity during normal sleep periods and in new environments.
The results were then reproduced with a specially formulated formula. It is important to note that the amount of nitrate consumed daily by rats – when it is reduced to the size of a human – was equivalent to the amount that a person can eat for a daily snack . "
" We tried to make sure that the amount of nitrate used in the experiment was what people could reasonably eat, "said Yolken
. 9659005] Complex Neuropsychiatric State
When the group badyzed intestinal bacteria from different groups of rats, they found that animals with nitrates in their diet had different patterns of bacteria living in their intestines than other rats. In addition, the animals had differences in several molecular pathways in the brain that were previously involved in bipolar disorder.
Although the team also warns that it is too early to take clinical messages, an occasional consumption of meat is unlikely. To incite a manic episode in most of the population, Yolken says the findings add to the evidence the multiple factors that contribute to mania and bipolar disorder.
"It is clear that mania is a complex neuropsychiatric state.Environmental factors are probably involved in the emergence and severity of bipolar disorder and badociated manic episodes.Our results suggest that nitrated salt meat could be a environmental actor in mediating mania, "
says Khambadkone.
The Yolken group recently released the results of a separate study showing that when people with bipolar disorder receive probiotic composition of intestinal bacteria – after a manic episode, they are less likely to be readmitted within six months.
"There is growing evidence that germs in the intestines can influence the brain, and this work on nitrates opens the door to future studies on how this can happen,"
Yolken said.
The research was supported by NIMH, the American Academy of Neurology, the William C. Walker Fund of the Johns Hopkins Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, and by the Stanley Medical Research Institute.
Seva G. Khambadkone, Zachary A. Cordner, Faith Dickerson, Emily G. Severance, Emese Prandovszky, Mikhail Pletnikov, Jianchun Xiao, Ye Li, Gretha J. Boersma, C. Conover Talbot Jr., Wayne W. Campbell, Christian S. Wright, C. Evan Siple, Timothy H. Moran, Kellie L. Tamashiro and Robert H. Yolken
Nitrogen meat products are badociated with mania in humans and altered behavior and gene expression of brain in the rat
Molecular Psychiatry (2018)
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