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Globally, more than 10 million people have Parkinson's disease, including symptoms such as trembling hands, sluggish movements, stiff muscles, and speech difficulties. .
The studies of Dr. med. Nandakumar Narayanan, of the University of Iowa, USA, shows how brain sync can be altered by drugs that affect a key messenger, the neurotransmitter dopamine. In Parkinson's disease, as researchers have known for a long time, dopamine levels are reduced, whereas in schizophrenia they are high; In both diseases, the timing in our brain seems to go awry.
Narayanan found in studies on rats and human volunteers that dopamine receptors (docking sites) in the frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex are crucial; this function is evolutionarily "highly conserved" between species, so vital. In patients with Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia, however, the receptors are attenuated, as well as in specially raised experimental animals ("rat models"). "We can stimulate dopaminergic receptors in different regions of the brain," said Narayanan, "so that we can balance the typical Parkinson's motor deficit and improve the timing of movement in patients with the disease." These data open a window for understand temporal processing by neural circuits in the brain, and they could be significant for new therapies. "
Increasingly in the physical nature of these brain circuits, Dr. Lucille Tallot. She examines in the laboratory of Dr. med. Valérie Doyère at the Institute of Neuroscience of Paris-Saclay in France on the development of timing in the brain. "In many conditions, such as Parkinson's disease or schizophrenia, this signal may fail," said Tallot. "I'm interested in the basic structures in which the rhythm is controlled by the brain."
Their experiments follow the changes in the rat brain that occur in the exchange of information – connectivity – between the three brain areas: amygdala, striatum and frontal lobe. It focuses on the neural traces of specific stimuli that animals find unpleasant or rewarding. Tallot presented a series of experiments at FENS showing how the three areas of the brain interact while recording the time between stimuli. Tallot concludes that this network plays a crucial role in how the brain tracks time and is able to capture and respond to certain events.
Symposium: S25 Neural coding of time on the scale of seconds: time-based networks for anticipation and action
Abstracts: N. Narayanan – Dopamine, delta rhythms, and interval timing
L Tallot & V Doyere – Amygdalo-striatal networks and temporal expectancy
Contact
FENS Press Office
Barbara Ritzert, ProScience Communications, Pöcking, Germany (19459004) tel: +49 8157 9397-0 or mobile +49 151 12043311
email: [email protected]
Elaine Snell, Snell Communications Ltd., London United Kingdom
tel: +44 (0) 207 738 0424 or mobile +44 (0) 7973 953794
Email: [email protected]
Notes for Writing
Dr. Nandakumar Narayanan, Department of Neurology y, University of Iowa, United States United http://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/labs/narayanan/
Dr. Lucille Tallot, Institute of Neuroscience Paris-Saclay, France rance
http: //neuro-psi.cnrs
(Dr. Valerie Doyere is not able to attend the FENS Forum. Dr. Lucille Tallot wants to present her research.)
The 11th FENS Neuroscience Forum is the largest fundamental research conference in the field of neuroscience in Europe. It is organized by the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS). Hostess is the German Neuroscience Society. More than 7,000 scientists from 77 countries participate. The Federation of European Neuroscience Societies was founded in 1998 and has 43 member societies in 33 European countries. As an organization, FENS represents 24,000 European neuroscientists. https://forum2018.fens.org/
Additional information (Nandakumar)
A prefrontal-subthalamic human circuit for cognitive control. R Kelley, O Flouty, E Emmons, Y Kim, J Kingyon, J Wessel, H Oya, J Greenlee and N Narayanan BRAIN 2018: 141; 205-216 DOI: 10.1093 / brain / awx300
idw 2018/07
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