[ad_1]
According to the German Health Report Diabetes 2018, more than 5.7 million Germans suffer from type 2 diabetes. Affected people react badly to insulin, a hormone that causes elevated blood sugar levels. As a result, it can cause strokes, heart attacks, retinal damage, kidney damage and nerve disorders. Since the metabolic disease develops gradually, there is usually the first damage at the time of diagnosis. "In the future, our findings could help identify the risks of type 2 diabetes even earlier and prevent the disease prematurely," said Professor Annette Schürmann, head of the department of Experimental Diabetology. 39, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE). German Diabetes Research Center (DZD).
On the trail of molecular mechanisms
In addition to insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1, or IGF-1 (growth factor similar to insulin-1), is involved in the metabolism of sugar and fats. The effect of this growth factor is weakened by binding to the IGF-2 binding protein (IGFBP2). If the liver releases too little IGFBP2 in the blood, the balance of sugar and fat metabolism may be disrupted. The research team led by Schürmann and Professor Matthias Schulze, head of the molecular epidemiology department at DIfE, therefore addressed the question of how the diminished effect of the IGFBP2 gene could influence the development of type 2 diabetes.
Human studies show that people with fatty liver produce and release less than IGFBP2. The Schürmann team observed similar effects in previous experiments on the mouse, which showed that IGFBP2 levels were already reduced before liver disease. The reason is the transfer of methyl groups at certain sites of the DNA sequence of IGFBP2, which inhibited the gene in the liver. These so-called epigenetic changes occur in particular through the way of life. Even in the blood cells of obese individuals whose glucose tolerance was impaired, such changes in IGFBP2 gene DNA had already been detected.
Mice and humans
The interdisciplinary research team led by Schürmann and Schulze used the information provided by the clinic and the laboratory for the evaluation of blood samples and data from the Potsdam EPIC study. "This work shows very well the functioning of translational research: the results of the clinic are collected, badyzed mechanically in the laboratory and finally examined as part of a study on the whole population", explains Schürmann.
Recent badysis of the researchers indicates that IGFBP2 gene inhibition promotes type 2 diabetes. In addition, the team of scientists observed that leaner subjects and subjects with fat levels Lower liver levels have higher levels of protective binding protein in the blood. Higher plasma concentrations of IGFBP2 were badociated with a lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes in subsequent years. "Our study confirms the hypothesis that the IGF-1 signaling pathway also plays an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes in humans," said Dr. Clemens Wittenbecher. , research fellow at the Department of Molecular Epidemiology of DIfE and first author of the study.
literature:
original publication
Wittenbecher C, Ouni M, Kuxhaus O, Jähnert M, Gottmann P, Teichmann A, Meidtner K, Kriebel J, Grallert H, Pischon T Boeing H Schulze MB Schulmann Schürmann A. , Insulin as growth factor 2 binding protein (IGFBP-2) and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2018 (https://doi.org/10.2337/db18-0620)
Similar items
Kammel A, Saussenthaler S, Jähnert M, Jonas W, Stirm L, Hoeflich A, Staiger H,
Fritsche A, Häring HU, Joost HG, Schürmann A, RW swivel. Early hypermethylation
hepatic Igfbp2 leads to reduced expression
the mice. Human Molecular Genetics 2016 (https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddw121)
Baumeier C, Saussenthaler S, Kammel A, Jähnert M, Schlüter L, Hesse D, Canouil
Lobbens S, Caiazzo R, Raverdy V, Pattou F, Nilsson E, Pihlajamaek J, Ling C,
Froguel P, Schürmann A, RW swivel. Hepatic DPP4 DNA Methylation Associates With
Foie gras. Diabetes 2017 (https://doi.org/10.2337/db15-1716)
Schwenk RW, Jonas W, Ernst SB, Kammel A, Jähnert M, Schürmann A.
Alterations of diet-dependent hepatic Scd1 expression are carried by
methylation differences of the promoter. Research on Hormones and Metabolism 2013 (https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1348263)
General informations:
epigenetics
Epigenetics is a relatively young field of research. It studies altered genetic functions that are not due to a change in the DNA sequence, but can still be inherited. Recent studies increasingly suggest that diet as an environmental factor can also have a lasting effect on gene activity, for example. by chemical (epigenetic) modifications of the constituent blocks of DNA. These include methylations. These occur when methyl groups bind to DNA. This can make gene activation more difficult or easier. Direct methylation of DNA then permanently modifies gene expression when it occurs in gene control regions (called CpG islands), made accessible by histone modification.
EPIC-Potsdam study
The Potsdam study on the European Foresight Survey on Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) is a prospective cohort study. Between 1994 and 1998, 27,548 women and men aged 35 to 65 were recruited. They completed questionnaires about their diet, lifestyle, and health status. This survey was repeated approximately every three years. The Potsdam EPIC study is part of one of the largest long-term studies in the world, with a total of about 521,000 study participants from ten European countries. The goal is to explore the influence of diet on the development of cancer and other chronic diseases.
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE)
DIfE is a member of the Leibniz badociation. It explores the causes of nutrition-related diseases to develop new strategies for prevention, treatment and nutritional recommendations. His research focuses on the causes and consequences of metabolic syndrome, a combination of obesity, hypertension (high blood pressure), insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorder, the role of the nutrition for healthy aging and the biological underpinnings of food choices and behaviors. DIfE is also a partner of the German Diabetes Research Center (DZD) funded by the BMBF.
Community of Leibniz
The Leibniz Association links 93 independent research institutions. Their orientation ranges from natural sciences, engineering and environmental sciences to human sciences, including space and social sciences. The Leibniz Institutes are dedicated to social, economic and ecological issues. They conduct cognitive and application-oriented research, including in Leibniz's global research networks, build or maintain scientific infrastructures and offer research-based services. The Leibniz badociation focuses on knowledge transfer, especially with Leibniz research museums. She advises and informs politics, science, business and the public. Leibniz institutions maintain close cooperation with universities – i.a. in the form of Leibniz ScienceCampi, with industry partners and other partners in Germany and abroad. They are subject to a transparent and independent review process. Because of their national importance, the federal and state governments jointly support the institutes of the Leibniz Association. The Leibniz Institutes employ about 19,100 people, including 9,900 scientists. The total budget of the institutes amounts to more than 1.9 billion euros.
German Diabetes Research Center e.V. (DZD)
The DZD is one of six German health research centers. It brings together experts in the field of diabetes research and links basic research, epidemiology and clinical applications. The goal of the DZD is to make a significant contribution to the prevention, diagnosis and personalized treatment of diabetes mellitus through a new integrative research approach. The members of the badociation are the Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Center for Environmental Health Research, the German Diabetes Center DDZ in Düsseldorf, the German Institute for Nutritional Research DIfE in Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Germany. Research Institute of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Helmholtz Zentrum München an der Eber – The Karls University of Tübingen and the Paul Langerhans Institute in Dresden of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital of the TU Dresden, partners badociated with the universities of Heidelberg, Cologne, Leipzig, Lübeck and Munich, as well as other project partners.
Press contact:
Sonja Schächen
Speaker for press and public relations
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE)
Arthur Scheunert Avenue 114-116
14558 Nuthetal / Germany
Phone: +49 33200 88-2278
E-mail:
scientific contact:
Teacher. Dr. Annette Schürmann
Department of Experimental Diabetology
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE)
Arthur Scheunert Avenue 114-116
14558 Nuthetal / Germany
Phone: +49 (0) 33200 88-2368
E-mail:
Dr. Clemens Wittenbecher
Department of Molecular Epidemiology
German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke (DIfE)
Arthur Scheunert Avenue 114-116
14558 Nuthetal / Germany
Phone: +49 (0) 33200 88-2454
E-mail:
Original publication:
Wittenbecher C, Ouni M, Kuxhaus O, Jähnert M, Gottmann P, Teichmann A, Meidtner K, Kriebel J, Grallert H, Pischon T Boeing H Schulze MB Schulmann Schürmann A. , Insulin as growth factor 2 binding protein (IGFBP-2) and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Diabetes 2018 (https://doi.org/10.2337/db18-0620)
idw 2018/11
Source link
