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Heidelberg.
In the fight against already known resistant bacteria, but with other substances aufgepeppte drugs could help. This has been impressively demonstrated by researchers led by Ana Rita Brochado of the European Laboratory for Molecular Biology (Embl) in Heidelberg
dpa
They have laboratory tested how nearly 3000 different combinations of antibiotics and other agents act on the bacteria. According to the researchers, this was the largest study of its kind to date, dealing with the fundamental interactions between the substances studied, and there is still a long way to go to reach new therapies
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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are not only a danger, but especially for immunocompromised people. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 500,000 new TB cases in 2016 mean that at least two antibiotics are no longer effective: 250,000 people die each year from TB-resistant pathogens. Also against pneumonia or urinary tract infections, common antibiotics often help. At the same time, it is becoming increasingly difficult for researchers and the industry to develop new weapons against bacteria.
The international team combined a total of 79 substances – including antibiotics, other drugs and nutritional supplements – into pairs. Next, the researchers examined how three types of bacteria reacted to mixtures. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium are known to develop resistance to antibiotics more often.
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Result: Most of the tested combinations weaken rather than extinguished antibiotic activity. In more than 500 cases, however, there was a strengthening effect, as reported by the researchers in the journal "Nature". Some mating has also been tested in multidrug-resistant bacteria and has shown a positive result.
The researchers particularly noted the badociation of the spectinomycin antibiotic and vanillin. The aroma ensures that spectinomycin penetrates the bacterial cell more easily and stops growth. The antibiotic was developed in the early 1960s to combat venereal gonorrhea, also known as gonorrhea. Today, however, the remedy is no longer used because the bacteria have become resistant. In combination with vanillin, spectinomycin may return. On the other hand, aromatization had a counter effect on other antibiotics.
The researchers point out that many more tests and clinical studies are needed to study the effects of drug mixtures on humans
. The results of the non Heidelberg researchers, as the infectiologist Winfried Kern highlights the University Hospital of Freiburg. "The results are best known and have already been published several times in a similar form," notes Kern, who has not been involved in the study. The discovery that vanillin and spectinomycin activate one another, but vanillin leads rather to greater antibiotic resistance, is interesting.
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