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According to the latest annual report to the nation on cancer, cancer mortality rates have declined among men, women and children for all types of cancer, and have continued to decline between 1999 and 2016. In a special section However, the data show that cancer incidence and mortality rates were higher for women aged 20 to 49 than for men.
"The greater cancer burden among women than among men aged 20 to 49 was a striking result of this study. The high burden of bad cancer relative to other cancers in this age group reinforces the importance of research on the prevention, early detection and treatment of bad cancer among younger women ", Lead author, Elizabeth Ward, PhD, consultant at the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries (NAACCR), said in a statement.
The American Cancer Society (ACS), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the NAACCR have collaborated on this annual study in which incidence data have compiled from the CDC and NCI registry programs; Mortality rates were also included in the national vital statistics system to badyze trends in cancer incidence and mortality rates.
The overall average annual incidence rate between 2011 and 2015 was about 1.2 times higher in all cancer sites for men than for women. Between 2012 and 2016, the average annual death rate was also 1.4 times higher for men. However, between 2011 and 2015, the average annual incidence rate (per 100,000 population) among 20- to 49-year-olds was 115.3 for men versus 203.3 for women.
At the same time, the incidence rates of all invasive cancers decreased on average by 0.7% per year (5 year CAPC, -0.7%, 95% CI, -1.0% at -0.4%) among men and 1.3% per year (1.3%, 95% CI, 0.7% -1.9%) among women. In the 20 to 49 age group, annual mortality rates decreased by 2.3% per year (95% CI, -2.4% to -2.2%) among men and 1, 7% (95% CI, -1.8% to -1.6%) among women. between 2012 and 2016 for all types of cancer.
Among women aged 20 to 49, the most common types of cancer (per 100,000 people) included bad cancer (73.2), thyroid cancer (28.4) and melanoma of the skin (14.1). Cancers of the colon and rectum (13.1), testes (10.7) and melanoma of the skin (9.8) were the most common cancers among men in the same age group.
Incidence rates for in situ bad cancer and nonmalignant central nervous system tumors were substantial in men and women aged 20-49 years. The most common malignant and non-malignant tumors in this age group were badociated with considerable long-term and late effects related to the disease. or treatment, which concludes that access to timely and quality care and survival care plays an important role in the quality of life of younger cancer patients.
Among all age groups, the rates of new cases and deaths from lung cancer, bladder cancer and laryngeal cancer continue to decline as smoking decreases. However, the rates of new cancer cases badociated with excessive weight gain and physical inactivity have increased in recent decades; These types of cancer include uterine cancer, postmenopausal bad, and colorectal cancer in young adults.
Another trend noted in this year's report is the stabilization of thyroid cancer incidence rates between 2013 and 2015 after years of increase among women. The authors noted that this may be due to recent changes to the American Thyroid Association guidelines on the management of small thyroid nodules. In addition, the study authors also noted a decrease in skin melanoma mortality rates, which was previously considered stable in men and slightly decreased in women; between 2014 and 2016, this rate decreased by 8.5% for men and 6.3% for women between 2013 and 2016.
"The observed declines in melanoma skin mortality are likely due to the introduction of new treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have improved the survival of patients with dementia. advanced melanoma, "said J. Leonard Lichtenfeld, MD, MACP, Acting Chief. ACS doctor, said in a statement. "This rapid change shows us how important it is to continue working to find effective treatments for all types of cancer."
According to data from 2012 to 2016, the overall cancer mortality rate decreased by 1.8% per year among men (95% CI, -1.8% to -1.8%) and 1.4% among women (95% CI, -1.4% to -1.4%). ). Men experienced a decline in the death rate for 10 of the 19 most common cancers, while women experienced a decrease of 13 of the 20 most common cancers. Three of these 13 cancers included the most common cancers: lungs and bronchi, bad and colorectal cancer. However, mortality rates from 6 cancers have increased in men against 5 in women. The largest increases were in liver cancers, oral cavity and pharyngeal cancers, in men without melanoma, and in uterine and liver cancers in women.
Between 2011 and 2015, the incidence rates of all cancers combined were stabilized in women and decreased by 2.1% per year in men (95% CI, -2.6% -1). , 6%). Rates of new cancers decreased in 8 of the 17 most common cancers in men, while 6 of 18 decreased in women. In contrast, 7 cancers increased versus 9 in men versus women, respectively, and 2 cancers were stable versus 3 in men versus women.
Among women and men of all ages, racial and ethnic groups, black men and women had the highest cancer mortality rates. Black men and white women, however, had the highest overall incidence rates, while Asian and Pacific Island men and women had the lowest overall rates of incidence. Non-Hispanic men and women had higher incidence rates than men and Hispanic women.
"We are encouraged by the fact that this year's report continues to report a decline in cancer mortality among men, women and children, as well as other indicators of progress," Betsy said. Kohler, Executive Director of NAACCR. "Several findings also underscore the importance of continuing research and cancer prevention efforts."
Reference:
Ward E, Sherman RL, Henley SJ et al. Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1999-2015, Cancer in Men and Women Aged 20 to 49 [published online May 30, 2019]. J Natl Cancer Inst. doi: 10.1093 / jnci / djz106.
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