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Chinese scientists have developed a combined cancer treatment that can be specifically activated at tumor sites in mouse models of cancer, which is more effective than similar previous treatments.
The study published Friday in the journal Science Immunology has described the new cancer immunotherapy that can prevent the immune system from becoming tumor-tolerant, which occurs in 30% of cancer patients.
A team led by Wang Dangge of the Shanghai Institute of Medical Materials, under the jurisdiction of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Fudan University, has developed a common inhibitor of the immune control point in a nanoparticle formulation highly specific to the tumor.
The checkpoint inhibitor is a type of antitumor medicine that is becoming more and more popular. It can block proteins that prevent immune T cells from killing cancer. But the checkpoint inhibitor used to target immune-inhibiting proteins such as PD-1 and PD-L1 often fails to reach deep or metastatic tumors.
Wang's team combined the nanoparticles carrying antibodies targeting PD-L1 with a light-activated molecule. According to this study, the molecule called photosensitizer can produce reactive oxygen species that kill tumors after encountering a tumor-rich protein.
In murine models, near-infrared local radiation that activated the photosensitizer, badociated with the delivery of nanoparticles carrying antibodies, promoted the infiltration of tumor cell-killing T cells into the tumor site and rendered tumors more sensitive to the blockage of the control point.
This combination also helped the nanoparticles to effectively suppress tumor growth and metastasis of the lymph and lung lymph nodes, which maintained about 80% of the mouse survival rate for 70 days, compared to complete death of the mouse in 45 days in the group treated with PD-L1 antibodies in the study.
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