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According to the OCTAVE study, immunocompromised patients exhibited poor immune responses after two doses of the same COVID-19 vaccine
According to data from the ongoing OCTAVE trial, led by the University of Glasgow and coordinated by the Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit at the University of Birmingham, patients with certain immunocompromised or immunocompromised conditions show a response weak or undetectable immune system after two doses of the same COVID-19 vaccine.
Patients involved in the study include those with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as cancer, inflammatory arthritis, and kidney or liver disease, as well as those undergoing stem cell transplants.
Blood samples were taken before and / or after a COVID-19 vaccination from around 600 people.
Early data shows a weak serologic immune response in 40% of participants and about 11% of immunocompromised patients fail to generate antibodies four weeks after two doses of the vaccine.
The proportion of patients with lower levels of antibody reactivity depended on the disease:
- 87% of people with ANCA-associated vasculitis treated with Rituximab
- 51% of people with inflammatory arthritis
- 29% of people on hemodialysis
- 42% of people on hemodialysis receiving immunosuppressive therapy
- 36% of people with liver disease
- 10% of people with solid cancer
- 33% of people with malignant hemopathies
- 17% of patients who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Professor Iain McInnes, University of Glasgow, responsible for the OCTAVE trial, said: “The roll-out of the vaccination program was extremely important for these vulnerable patient groups, however, due to their medical conditions and their underlying treatments, which can weaken their immune systems, we were concerned that people with these medical conditions are not receiving optimal treatment. protection, it was and remains extremely important to investigate this unanswered question.
“Although 40% of these clinically risky patent groups were found to have a weak or undetectable immune response after a double dose of the vaccine, we are encouraged that this figure is not higher.
“However, it is possible that even partial protection will be clinically beneficial, and this is something we will be watching closely.
“There are also imminent plans in place to study the effects of administering another dose of vaccine to the group with an undetectable or weak immune response; and we hope that these results will support the role of an immunologic screening program for vulnerable patients to identify those who will benefit from a subsequent vaccine booster.
“We will continue to encourage all people and in particular patients in these clinical risk groups to ensure that they receive their doses of the vaccine if they have not already done so.”
University of Birmingham Professor Pam Kearns said: “A significant number of people in the UK have been advised to protect themselves as they suffer from long-term conditions or illnesses which put them at increased risk of serious illness and death from COVID-19.
“The rapid development of COVID-19 vaccines was a big step forward in the battle against this global pandemic, and those most clinically at risk were among the first in the UK to receive one.
“However, while we know that COVID-19 vaccines are very effective in healthy individuals, questions remain about their effectiveness in protecting chronically ill people.
“These preliminary results from OCTAVE and the results of our ongoing and future research will be instrumental in helping inform about how best to vaccinate patients with chronic illnesses and protect them against COVID-19 infection. to come up.”
Dr Rob Buckle, chief scientist of the Medical Research Council, part of UKRI, which co-funded the trial, said: “Today’s results will be of concern for the subset of immunocompromised people for whom the vaccine did not elicit a significant protective response.
“We are funding an extension of the OCTAVE study to give this group a third shot, which we hope will give much needed immunity a boost, or identify those who could benefit from further interventions.
“One of the real strengths of the UK’s scientific response to the pandemic has been the way we have brought together teams of experts to conduct cutting-edge and responsive studies like this, to inform our vaccine deployment. and government decision making in real time. “
OCTAVE is funded by UK Research and Innovation (UKRI).
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