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A new regime developed by scientists promises to save millions of lives every year and "transform" the future of the planet by fighting climate change.
The "Global Diet" – developed over three years by an international commission of 37 scientists from agriculture, climate change and nutrition – advocates halving meat, dairy products and sugar while increasing the number of herbal foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes and nuts.
What can I eat with this diet?
Although you do not have to completely cut animal products, this means limiting them: researchers advise you not to consume more than 98 g of red meat, 203 g of poultry and 196 g of fish per week .
Instead, they encourage vegetable sources of protein by consuming at least 125 g of dried beans, lentils, peas and other nuts or legumes a day.
You should also eat in moderation by limiting portions to an individual serving size and avoiding eating more than necessary to stop weight gain and other health problems.
What does a day look like on a plate?
Half of each plate of this diet is made up of fruits and vegetables, while one-third is made up of whole grains, with a minimum of animal products:
Nuts: 50g per day
Beans, chickpeas, lentils and other legumes: 75 g per day
Fish: 28g per day (about two servings a week)
Eggs: 13g per day (about one per week)
Meat: 14 g of red meat a day (about one serving a week) and 29 g of chicken a day
Carbohydrates: whole grains such as bread and rice 232g per day and 50g per day starchy vegetables
Dairy products: 250 g per day (about a glbad of milk or cheese or butter)
Vegetables: 300g per day and fruit 200g per day
Why do we need this diet?
The CTA has a twofold objective: on the one hand, scientists point out that unhealthy diets are currently at the top of the global disease ranks, 800 million people suffering from hunger, 2 billion people suffering from malnutrition and 2 billion overweight or obese people. And with a population currently estimated at 7.7 billion inhabitants, which is expected to reach 10 billion by 2050, drastic measures are needed.
The new food system would require global changes, with Europe and North America having to drastically reduce their consumption of red, Asian meat on fish and Africa on starchy foods. However, researchers say that it could save up to 11 million lives each year, primarily by reducing diet-related diseases, such as certain cancers, strokes, and heart attacks, which are currently the leading causes of death in developed countries.
Scientists say the diet is "win-win" because it would also lead us to a sustainable global food system by 2050, ensuring a healthy diet for everyone within the planet. Since foods from animals – especially red meat – have a "relatively high environmental footprint" per serving, scientists believe that adopting a more vegetable-friendly diet would help reduce 30% greenhouse gas emissions and 70% freshwater use.
These benefits would also require that food waste be halved to 15 percent, and that the amount of food produced on farmland increases dramatically.
However, experts warn that the changes are essential: "Civilization is in crisis," say Lancet researchers Richard Horton and Tamara Lucas in an editorial on the diet. "We can no longer feed our people with a healthy diet while balancing the planet's resources.If we can eat in order to act for our planet as well as for our body, the natural balance will be restored."
Professor Walter Willet, another Harvard-based researcher, said the diet will change the way we currently eat "dramatically", but has "great variety".
"You can take these foods and collect them in a thousand different ways.We're not talking about a diet based on deprivation, it's a healthy, flexible and enjoyable diet," he said. .
"The figures for red meat seem few in the United Kingdom or the United States. But they do not seem modest for the vast majority of the world's population, who already consume about as much, if not less. It's very much in line with traditional diets. "
And now?
The EAT-Lancet Commission must now report its findings to governments and organizations around the world, including the World Health Organization, to encourage change.
Read other stories like this: What is the difference between a plant diet and a vegan diet? In addition, should I become a vegetarian?
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