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New Delhi, April 22 (ANI): A research revealed the mechanism behind the establishment and maintenance of a persistent infection by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) . This could help develop new therapeutic strategies. HBV is a blood-borne pathogen that chronically infects approximately 350 million people worldwide and more than 780,000 patients die each year from HBV-related liver disease. Chronic infection with HBV is badociated with an altered response of virus-specific T cells. Myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) are immune cells known to play a critical role in the degradation of anti-viral T cell responses. In addition, the hepatitis B antigen e (HBeAg) – a viral protein of hepatitis B – may represent a viral strategy for establishing a persistent infection, but the mechanism remains largely unknown. The researchers examined the mechanisms underlying the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) and the suppression of T-cell responses in persistent infection with HBV. Researchers badyzed the incidence of CDEM circulation in 164 HBV-infected patients and 70 healthy donors. They found that the frequency of circulating MDSCs in HBeAg positive patients was higher than in HBeAg negative patients. The findings suggest a new mechanism in which the expansion of HBeAg-mediated MDSC alters T cell function via the IDO pathway and promotes the establishment of persistent HBV infection. The HBeAg-MDSC-IDO axis can therefore serve as an immunotherapeutic target against chronic hepatitis B.
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