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The guideline provides comprehensive but practical recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death for both men and women in the United States. The guideline aims to provide strategies that can be used and adapted for people with no history of heart disease to stay healthy in the heart. It also insists on the need to identify and remove personal or social barriers, such as income and education levels; costs, lack of health insurance, access to healthy foods or safe places to exercise, and stressors of life.
"The most important way to prevent cardiovascular disease, that it is an accumulation of plaque in the arteries, a heart attack, a stroke." , from heart failure or problems related to how the heart contracts and pumps blood to the rest of the body, involves adopting healthy habits and adopting it during its lifetime, "said Roger S Blumenthal, co-chair of ACC / AHA's 2019 directive on primary prevention of cardiovascular disease, in a statement. "More than 80% of all cardiovascular events can be prevented through lifestyle changes, but we often fail to implement these strategies and control other risk factors."
According to the guidelines, the first step in preventing cardiovascular disease is to badess the risk through communication with a practitioner or care team. The document synthesizes proven data and interventions to improve diet, exercise and other factors, and also addresses issues that may hinder individuals' ability to adopt better lifestyle habits.
Some of the key lifestyle recommendations include:
- Eat more healthily include more fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, whole grains and fish, and limit salt, saturated fats, fried foods, processed meat and sugary drinks.
- Exercise regularly do at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity exercise, such as brisk walking, swimming, dancing or cycling, every week. For people who are inactive, some activities are better than nothing and small 10 minute activity hikes throughout the day can be very helpful for people with busy schedules.
- Aim and keep a healthy weight for overweight or obese people, losing only 5% to 10% of their body weight (accounting for 10 to 20 pounds) for a person weighing 200 pounds) can significantly reduce their risk of heart disease, stroke brain and other health problems.
- Avoid smoking no smoking, no breathing or breathing smoke – 1 in 3 deaths due to heart disease is attributable to smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke. Every effort to stop smoking through advice and / or approved smoking cessation medications should be encouraged and adapted to each individual.
- Limited use of aspirin for people in good health. The guidelines recommend using aspirin only rarely to prevent heart attacks and strokes without known cardiovascular disease. Recent research suggests that the risk of bleeding, given the anticoagulant effect of aspirin, may be too high and that the evidence of its benefit – the number of heart attacks or strokes. Really prevented strokes – is not enough to take for most adults in this setting.
For people with type 2 diabetes, which is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease, new data indicate that two clbades of diabetes medications, which help lower blood sugar levels, can also reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and related diseases. deaths.
The 2019 ACC / AHA Guideline on Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease will be published simultaneously in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology and in the Circulation Journal of the American Heart Association.
References
- ACC / AHA guidelines on the prevention of stroke are published [news release]. New Orleans, Louisiana. Posted on March 17, 2019. https://www.acc.org/about-acc/press-releases/2019/03/17/09/49/acc-aha-guidance-for-preventing-heart-disease-stroke- released. Accessed March 18, 2019.
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