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Investigators at Brigham Hospital and Women's Hospital are taking advantage of a unique phenomenon of nanoparticles to develop an early detection test for different types of diseases, including cancer. Morteza Mahmoudi, Ph.D., currently a biomedical researcher in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain, and colleagues have shown that biomolecules in the blood of healthy individuals and patients formed various corona profiles around the nanoparticles. The nanoparticles collect a unique coating of proteins in the blood, in the manner of a bath of powdered sugar. In a new study published in the Royal Society of Chemistry Peer-reviewed journal Horizons at the nanoscaleMahmoudi and the team present evidence that these coronas are personalized and accurate, with different compositions or models in people with cancer. They have developed a sensor network that has been tested on blood samples, from both people diagnosed with five types of cancer and so-called healthy people who have been diagnosed for many years. later. The goal of the team is to develop an early detection test that could be used clinically to identify people at risk for cancer and other diseases.
"For cancer and many other catastrophic diseases, the sooner you can diagnose, the more you can treat, extend your survival and improve your quality of life," said Mahmoudi, the journal's corresponding author. Mahmoudi is the former director of the Nanobio Interactions Laboratory at the University of Medical Sciences in Tehran, where he started this work in 2014. "The goal here is to develop a strategy to help people get better information. about their health. have ways to measure lipids and predict the risk of cardiovascular disease, but limited means for cancer. If all goes well, we hope that our work will lead to a test for the first signs of cancer. "
To carry out their research, the team combined the concepts of protein-specific protein coronas and sensor array technology. Sensor arrays can identify a wide variety of interacting chemical and biological compounds at the same time rather than in isolation. To test the blood samples for early disease patterns, the team developed a sensor network composed of three different cross-reactive liposomes, fatty molecules that caused the formation of proteinaceous crowns. The team tested samples from five patients, each with a different form of cancer: lung cancer, glioblastoma, meningioma, myeloma, and pancreatic cancer. The team found that the chosen model of corona composition, using advanced clbadification techniques detected by the nanoparticle sensor network, provided a unique "fingerprint" for each type of cancer. The team also tested the tool using blood from 15 people diagnosed with brain, lung and pancreatic cancer eight years later, concluding that their approach could identify and discriminate very early stage.
Although promising, as with other diagnostic methods, the preliminary results of the team will have to be validated with a larger number of people to ensure that the test works not only, but also provides accurate diagnosis. Mahmoudi and his colleagues are also interested in the application of technology beyond cancer to diagnose other diseases at an early stage.
"The only reason I'm in science is to do something that can help patients," Mahmoudi said. "When I see cancer predictions, the number of new cases each year, and its global burden, it fascinates me to think that our multidisciplinary expertise in nanobio interfaces, sensor networks, and advanced statistics can provide a way to help you." here and we are working to draw from it ".
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