Dengue epidemic in Cote d Ivoire

By NewsDesk @infectiousdiseasenews

A dengue epidemic has been under way in Côte d'Ivoire (Côte d'Ivoire) since January 2019, with the most affluent urban districts in Abidjan being the most affected, according to the World Health Organization.

Between 1 January and 25 June 2019, 1,853 suspected dengue cases were reported, including two deaths (mortality rate of 0.1%), Abidjan accounting for 96% (1,776) of all suspected cases reported.

Of the total reported cases, 195 were confirmed in the laboratory by a polymerase chain reaction, of which 48% (93) of the isolated dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) and 26 (13%) were DENV-3. The districts of Cocody-Bingerville and Abobo East in Abidjan accounted for 59% (115) and 23% (44) respectively of the total confirmed cases.

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Dengue fever is a viral infection transmitted by the bite of an infected mosquito. Four closely related but antigenically different virus serotypes can cause dengue fever (DEN1, DEN 2, DEN 3, DEN 4).

• • Dengue fever (DF) – characterized by the sudden onset of high fever, severe headache, pain behind the eyes and pain in the muscles and joints. Some may also have a rash and varying degrees of bleeding in various parts of the body (including nose, mouth and gums or bruising). Dengue fever has a broad spectrum of infection (asymptomatic to symptomatic). Symptomatic illness may range from dengue fever to more severe hemorrhagic fever.

• • Dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) – is a more serious form, observed only in a small proportion of infected persons. DH is a stereotypical disease characterized by 3 phases; febrile phase with high fever continues usually less than 7 days; critical phase (plasma leakage) lasting 1 to 2 days, usually apparent when the fever drops, causing shock if not detected and treated promptly; convalescence phase lasting 2 to 5 days with improvement of appetite, bradycardia (fast heart rate), convalescent rash (white plaques on a red background), often accompanied by generalized itching (more intense in the palms and soles of the feet) and diuresis (increase in urinary output).
  • Dengue shock syndrome (DSS) – Shock syndrome is a dangerous complication of dengue fever and is badociated with high mortality. Severe dengue occurs as a result of secondary infection with a different serotype virus. Increased vascular permeability, badociated with myocardial dysfunction and dehydration, contributes to the occurrence of shock resulting in multiorgan failure.

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