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Doctors say that the warning signs of diabetes can be so clear that you do not notice them, especially in type 2 diabetes, although the disease in its advanced stages can be very devastating.
It is said that because people do not prioritize their diabetes status, their risk levels and their chances of developing the disease, most people only discover it at an advanced stage when the symptoms of long-term term of the disease begin to manifest.
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But health professionals have warned that by the time the symptoms become evident, the disease, which can be managed and preventable if type 2 diabetes is observed early, would be in an advanced stage, leading to diabetic complications, which are usually at an incurable stage.
Situation in Ghana
Unfortunately, Ghana is one of many countries with a high incidence of the disease, which is often a lifestyle-related disease.
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A report from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2017 found that 518,400 new cases of adult diabetes were reported in 2017 alone, bringing the prevalence rate to 3.6%.
In the same year, the Federation's Ghana Diabetes Association reported that more than four million Ghanaian adults and 1,200 children were living with diabetes, while many others did not know their status.
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In 2017, diabetes killed more than 177,000 people in Ghana, 5,000 in 2015 and about 8,300 in 2013.
Statistics available to the National Diabetes Association indicate that the country has more than four million diabetics aged 34 to 64 years.
Doctors say that, like all other diseases, diabetes, if diagnosed early or if risk factors are detected early, will increase the chances of preventing complications, increase survival, help manage better and even will prevent diabetic stages.
It has become imperative for everyone to have a permanent dialogue with health professionals about the risk of contracting diabetes and what can be done to reduce the risks or better manage the disease.
Statistics recorded by the Center for Noncommunicable Diseases indicate that 90% of cases are not diagnosed in time to ensure early treatment.
In addition, 70% of diabetes cases are diagnosed only after death.
Diabetes
IDF defines diabetes as a chronic disease that occurs when the pancreas is no longer able to make insulin or when the body can not properly use insulin that it product.
Or it is a chronic condition that causes an excess of glucose (sugar) to accumulate in an individual's blood because of the pancreas's inability to release enough insulin to sponge glucose. in excess in blood storage.
There are three types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Although the causes, especially of type 1, can not be known, they occur when the body's defense system attacks insulin-producing cells and particularly affects children.
The exact cause remains unknown, but it could be due to genetic and environmental factors, including viruses.
Only 10% of diabetes cases are type 1.
Type 1 diabetes, often called insulin-dependent, is due to the fact that the pancreas does not produce insulin, a hormone that regulates the amount of sugar in the blood. Without insulin, sugar accumulates in the blood instead of being used as a source of energy.
Type 1 is present in about 10% of diabetes cases and requires daily ingestion of insulin to survive. This type can not usually be avoided, but can be managed.
In the case of type 1 diabetes, the symptoms usually appear quickly, in a few days or weeks. They are also much more severe.
It usually affects children or young adults, starts suddenly and worsens quickly.
It is treated with daily doses of insulin, a healthy diet and regular physical activity.
Type 2 diabetes or adult diabetes, as it is commonly called, usually develops before the fortieth year.
However, recent changes in lifestyle make this type prevail in children as well.
The risk also increases with family history.
Type 2 occurs when the body is unable to use or does not produce enough insulin and can often be managed with medication, proper diet and exercise.
It can be prevented by proper awareness and lifestyle changes.
The body produces insulin but can not treat it properly.
The warning signs are hard to spot and people sometimes attack stress and fatigue.
Type 2 risk factors or triggers, which account for 90% of all diabetes cases in the world, include overweight and obesity; unhealthy diets; lack of exercise, sitting for too long, family history and high blood pressure.
Eighty percent of type 2 diabetes can be prevented through a healthy lifestyle.
Type 2 diabetes begins when the muscle, fat and liver cells of the body become unable to process glucose.
The pancreas reacts by producing an additional amount of insulin, but over time it can not produce enough insulin. The body can no longer control blood sugar.
Gestational Diabetes
Gestational diabetes affects women during pregnancy. Although temporary, the risk of developing diabetes is increasing in recent years, both for the mother and for the child.
Women with gestational diabetes have high blood sugar and can not produce enough insulin to absorb everything.
In most cases, it develops between the 14th and the 26th week of pregnancy, called the second trimester, and disappears after the baby is born.
Prevention
Take action to prevent type 2 diabetes by making healthy food choices, maintaining a healthy weight and moving more each day. Find ways to stay calm during your day.
The best way to keep diabetes at bay is to have regular medical check-ups and to discuss diabetes with your doctor.
Risk Factors for Type 2
Changing lifestyles, cheap calories in the form of processed foods are exposing more and more people to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
National Diabetes Association
Ms. Elizabeth Esi Denyoh, President of the National Diabetes Association, said that diabetes was common among teens because of poor diet and unhealthy lifestyles.
She expressed her concern over the huge taxes levied on anti-diabetic products and called on the government to remove them.
Through the work of the badociation, she said, children and adults with diabetes were receiving free insulin, blood glucose meters and blood test strips under the umbrella of the Life-for-Life Foundation. a-child.
Given the high cost of blood glucose meters and self-monitoring blood glucose test strips, she said, the Ministry of Health and the government should critically examine the subsidization of imported products in the country.
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