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Three years ago, Agatha Maseruka began using the toilet 10 to 14 times a day. The third grade teacher often had to rush to the middle of the clbadroom to go to the bathroom.
"On some occasions, I could not get there on time," she says adding that after a while, it had become too difficult for her to decide to visit a doctor to diagnose overactive bladder syndrome.
Overactive bladder is a contraction of the detrusor muscles in the bladder. "These are the muscles that make up the bowl shape of the bladder. They relax during the storage phase of the urine in the bladder and must collaborate with the pelvic floor muscles, but are more effective in determining the contraction of the pelvic floor muscles and muscles of the bladder neck ", explains Dr. Franklin Wbadwa of Entebbe General Hospital.
For the bladder to store urine, the detrusor muscles relax and the muscles of the bladder and pelvic floor contract. However, with an overactive bladder, says Dr. Wbadwa, the detrusor muscles contract and push you or make you want to urinate.
Aisha Nabisubi, director of the Bugolobi AAR Clinic, says the condition is more prevalent in women than men because her bladder muscles are affected during pregnancy and delivery.
Neurological causes
It is at this point that a disease causes the brain to send abnormal signal levels. These diseases include multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease. "Disorders could also disrupt the flow of brain signals such as diabetic neuropathy (where diabetes damages the nerves that feed the bladder), stroke, and spinal cord injury," he said. .
Non neurological
This is where the cause is not related to brain signals that primarily control the detrusor muscles, but also to the bladder neck and pelvic floor muscles as they contract and relax. These include pregnancy when the space in the pelvis is reduced due to the growth of the fetus. Nabisubi also mentions that obesity, constipation and caffeine are other non-neurological causes.
According to Dr. Wbadwa, these muscles are smooth and, with a simple touch, you stimulate them and can cause a more intense movement than those of the bladder. "A change of posture, a cough or a laugh only stimulates the contraction of the muscles and the abdominal muscles compress the bladder," he adds.
In addition, some drugs can cause overactive bladder, such as diuretics (used to treat patients with hypertension) because they increase the rate of formation of urine. This quickly fills the bladder, causing an overactive bladder.
Treatment
Maseruka was a big coffee drinker and was told to reduce his expenses. "Now, I drink only one cup a day, because beyond that, I rush constantly to the toilet. I make sure I know where the toilets are, but in case they are far away, I will always wear a towel to avoid accidents. In addition to that, I avoid drinking fluids three hours before going to bed, "she says.
Dr. Wbadwa explains that non-neurological problems are easy to treat because they are more concerned with the treatment of behavior, while neurological causes are treated with drugs that target the receptor that relaxes the bladder. Nabisubi says that Kegel exercises or pelvic floor muscles help stop involuntary bladder contractions. However, she says, it can take six to eight weeks before you notice an effect.
According to Nabisubi, although the process is gradual, bladder training can help to gradually increase the waiting time before going to the bathroom.
Evasive treatment
Dr. Wbadwa said that evasive treatment was the most effective option, including the placement of a catheter. This involves the use of an injection into the muscles of the bladder that relaxes them by paralyzing them.
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