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EAll trillions of cells in our body have a tiny internal clock. When all these clocks are synchronized, they tell us when to wake up, burn calories and fall asleep. But when they lose their pace, we become vulnerable to all kinds of age-related diseases. Fortunately, the author of a recent article in Cell reports think there is a simple way to reset these clocks if they lose the pace: fasting.
The circadian rhythm – this 24-hour clock that controls sleep-wake cycles – is the "master" internal clock, controlled by a large group of neurons in the brain, that most of us know. Paolo Sbadone-Corsi, Ph.D., director of UC Irvine's Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism and co-author of the new paper, had previously shown that the circadian clock was not the only clock but rather the main clock as a whole network internal clocks in the body.
The internal clock of each cell expresses certain genes according to the instructions of the master clock. The proteins that help cells maintain these gene expression rhythms are called "central clock proteins". In his article, Sbadone-Corsi shows how fasting could restore the rhythm of the central proteins of the clock if they lost time.
"The genes and core proteins of the clock are really essential for health because they control a large number of genes," he said. Reverse. "These are proteins present in every cell of everyone's body. They are present in all tissues and in all organs. They control thousands and thousands of genes. We have struggled to understand how nutrition will alter our circadian biology in various tissues. "
Sbadone-Corsi says it's crucial that each of the clocks in every cell of the body stays in phase over time. If the clocks become "misaligned", this can lead to a number of metabolic disorders or inflammatory reactions, many of which are actually badociated with aging. Some factors can unbalance a clock: for example, diets high in fat and calories have been proven to work in turtles and mice. According to Sbadone-Corsi, a well-aligned clock is "really a signature for a healthy body".
In his recent study on mice, Sbadone-Corsi showed that 24 hours of fasting had strange effects on clock genes in the liver and muscle cells of his otherwise healthy mice. When the mice fasted, he noticed that the "rhythmicity" of their basic genes was weakened, much more so in the muscle than in the liver cells. These genes seemed to adhere to different rhythms, expressing genes different from those they would normally observe during a normal diet. But when he re-fed his mice, the clocks of these two tissues synchronized.
"What the fast seems to do, at least in the liver and muscles, which we have studied in this article, is that it has been able to [the clocks] more coordinated between the two, "he says.
This study is not an excuse for starving yourself to put your internal clock to the test. Instead, researchers believe that strategically timed Fasts can be a good way to treat age-related diseases that come from misaligned cell clocks. Sbadone-Corsi and his co-authors say that fasting can reorganize how genes are expressed in each cell and "prime the genome". Thus, when power resumes, the clocks of each fabric are synchronized. In short, there could be a hard reset of an internal clock that could have become wrong.
"Therefore, an optimal fasting programmed would be strategic to confer a robust circadian oscillation that ultimately would benefit the health and protect against diseases badociated with aging," they write.
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