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February 24, 2019
The majority of patients who participated in previous clinical trials of peanut immunotherapy were able to continue consuming peanuts.
SAN FRANCISCO – According to a study presented at the annual meeting of the American Academy, the majority of patients who participated in previous clinical trials of peanut immunotherapy were able to continue consuming peanuts safely. of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) held in San Francisco from February 22nd to 25th.
The researchers conducted a longitudinal observational study in 55 patients who completed oral or sublingual immunotherapy studies between 2010 and 2017. The dosage in peanut food equivalents and badociated reactions were evaluated. Participants sensitized to a peanut dose greater than or equal to 300 mg were instructed to incorporate peanut into their diet. Follow-up of end dates of clinical trials ranged from 1 to 8 years.
A total of 49 patients continued to consume peanuts after completion of clinical trials, and 31 of these patients consumed peanuts daily. The median amount of peanuts consumed was 600 mg (average: 808 mg). Older patients tended to consume fewer peanuts (r = -0.17). In addition, patients who participated in trials of sublingual immunotherapy consumed fewer peanuts (median 500 mg, mean 543 mg) compared to patients who participated in oral immunotherapy trials (median 600 mg, average 955 mg). However, more side effects have been reported with oral immunotherapy.
Adverse events observed in 10 patients included urticaria, gastrointestinal symptoms and oropharyngeal pruritus. One patient presented with eosinophilic esophagitis. Although 3 patients needed epinephrine, one patient decided to continue eating peanuts after the event, said author, Edwin Kim, MD, MS, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Dr. Kim also pointed out that none of these treatments can cure, but patients feel they have some protection against possible accidental exposure. In addition, Dr. Kim emphasized the importance of standardized treatment and the creation of protocols to determine the length of time patients can maintain their tolerance.
Reference
Cook Q, Yang L, Hamad A, et al. Dosage and safety of peanut-based food equivalents after immunotherapy trials. Presented at: 2019 Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology; February 22-25, 2019; San Francisco, CA. Summary 740.
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