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For some of us, fried foods are dishes reserved for cheaters or long bus journeys. However, for the remaining majority, fried foods are quick and inexpensive meals, to be consumed regularly at lunch and dinner. In fact, more than a third of American adults eat fried foods daily (1).
While previous studies have highlighted the effect that fried foods may have on health, there is little evidence of their direct impact on mortality. The researchers therefore undertook to study the link between fast food consumption and death.
"People know that fried foods can have adverse health effects, but there is very little scientific evidence to demonstrate the long-term adverse effects for the consumption of fried foods." explains Dr. Wei Bao, co-author of the study.
The study on fried foods and mortality
In order to find a link between fried food consumption and mortality, researchers from the College of Public Health at the University of Iowa badyzed data from 106,966 women. These women were between 50 and 79 years old and had already participated in a study. The previous study was a study of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), conducted between 1993 and 1998.
It is during this study that the participants Responded to a food frequency questionnaire on the consumption and portion size of 122 food items. Fried chicken and fish, fries, tortillas and tacos were among these foods.
The researchers followed these women for an average of 18 years and were careful to includeOther factors related to mortality, such as levels of education, total energy consumption, overall quality of food and income, are taken into account in their calculations. .
After the 18-year follow-up, the researchers found that 31,558 of them had died. 9,320 had heart problems, 8,358 had cancer and 13,880 had other causes.
The results
The study found that women who consume fried foods daily are at increased risk of death.
Specifically, the study found that women who ate a portion of fried chicken daily were 13% more likely to die, regardless of their cause, compared to women who did not eat any fried food. These same women were also at 12% higher risk of cardiovascular death. At the same time, women who opted for a daily serving of fried fish or seafood had a higher risk of death of 7% and a risk of death from cardiovascular disease of 13%.
Interestingly, no link between fried food consumption and cancer deaths has been found. The researchers also noted that women who consumed more fast foods were younger, people of color with low incomes and less educated.
The verdict
As for the results, Dr. Bao thinks that the combined effect of food and the frying process actually plays a role.
When animal products such as meat and fish are cooked at high temperatures, harmful compounds called glycation products are formed. Previous studies have linked these compounds to cardiovascular mortality.
That being said, Mr. Bao has chosen not to generalize the results globally, as there are different frying practices around the world. In fact, a precedent study from Spain found no correlation between mortality and fast food. Researchers believe that this is due to the fact that the Spanish population chose to cook at home, using olive oil.
However, in the United States, many fast-food restaurants are guilty of reusing oil. This then creates more harmful products in the oil that will then be absorbed into the food.
While the study was observational, researchers believe that we need to reduce our consumption of fried foods,
"Reducing the consumption of fried foods, including fried chicken and fried fish / shellfish, can have a clinically significant impact across the spectrum of public health., " they said in a statement.
Learn more about the study right here
Want to know more?
Fried foods will not only affect the health of your heart, but they can also affect the health of your brain. Click here to find out what foods you should avoid if you want to keep your brain healthy and strong.
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