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One study suggests that people who tend to eat mainly plants are less likely to develop type 2 diabetes.
Researchers examined data from nine previously published studies involving 307,099 participants, including 23,544 people with type 2 diabetes. The duration of studies ranged from 2 to 28 years. All studies used food frequency questionnaires to badess participants' diets.
Overall, those who most closely followed a vegan, vegetarian or other type of herbal diet were 23% less likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those with the lowest meal intake. Herbal remedies, reported researchers in JAMA Internal Medicine.
"Herbal diets can promote metabolic health and reduce the risk of diabetes through various pathways, including preventing excessive weight gain, improving insulin sensitivity, reducing inflammation and other mechanisms, "said Dr. Qi Sun, lead author of the study and researcher at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health and Brigham Hospital and Women's at Boston.
People who consume a healthy variety of herbal meals can reduce their risk of diabetes even when they are not strictly vegetarian – avoiding meat, poultry and fish – or vegans – also avoiding the products. of animal origin like milk and eggs.
But they might not benefit as much if their plant-based diet is full of foods like french fries, white bread and white rice, Sun said via e-mail.
"It does not matter what vegetables eat and how they are processed," Sun said. "Therefore, it should focus on the consumption of healthy plant foods that are not or little processed, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, legumes, nuts and whole grains."
The study people who followed this advice – with the healthiest mix of fruits, vegetables and whole grains in their plant-based diet – were 30% less likely to develop type 2 diabetes participants who tended to ignore this idea.
Type 2 diabetes, the most common form, is linked to obesity and aging and occurs when the body can not properly use or manufacture enough insulin, a hormone, to convert the blood sugar into energy. Without control, diabetes can lead to serious complications such as nerve damage, blindness, amputations, kidney damage and heart problems.
Doctors generally recommend that patients with type 2 diabetes follow a low-calorie diet that is low in fats and carbohydrates, including many fresh fruits, vegetables and whole grains, as well as lean poultry and fish. Fatty and sugary foods are not recommended, as is excessive consumption of red or processed meat.
None of the smaller studies in this review is a controlled experiment designed to prove whether an herbal diet helps prevent diabetes or the serious complications of the disease.
Nevertheless, the results offer new evidence of the potential of good eating habits to help prevent and manage diabetes, said Samantha Heller, a nutritionist at the Langone Medical Center at New York University in New York.
"Adding more whole plants such as broccoli, edamame, quinoa, extra virgin olive oil, almonds and berries to our diet is a great way to contribute to the management. of type 2 diabetes and weight, "said Heller, who did not participate in the study. , said by email.
"High fiber foods are healthy for the gut microbiome, improve gastrointestinal function, improve insulin sensitivity, and help manage blood sugar," Heller added. "However, it's important to remember that even (portion size) healthy food is important."
SOURCE: http://bit.ly/30NStrN JAMA Internal Medicine, Online July 22, 2019.
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