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A A series of recent studies on the population seems to be stalling for sugary drinks, studies linking soda with effects like diabetes and obesity, or even an increased risk of death. Now, a newspaper published Wednesday in Science adds impacts on colon tumors to the list of their acidic side effects.
People with risk factors for colorectal cancer should avoid drinking sugary drinks.
The authors of Weil Cornell's Graduate School of Medical Sciences have shown that a daily dose of high-fructose corn syrup, a sweetener used in many sodas and sugary drinks, makes the colon tumors swell and make them more aggressive in mice. Tumors seemed to be able food on the sweet substance.
Co-lead author of the study Lewis Cantley, Ph.D., states that this dietary behavior of tumors is not limited to high fructose corn syrup. He thinks that this can extend to traditional sweeteners.
"Our studies clearly indicate that people with risk factors for colorectal cancer should avoid drinking sugary drinks, whether it's high fructose corn syrup, cane sugar (sucrose) or honey or molbades, apple juice or orange. Eat an apple, not apple juice, "he says Reverse.
Cantley and his co-authors "mimicked the consumption of sweetening beverages" by giving mice a dose of high-fructose corn syrup that was calorically equivalent to human consumption of less than 12 ounces of sweetened beverage per day. In the paper, the authors use the term "sugar-sweetened beverages," but what they were really testing for was high-fructose corn syrup.
The mice were genetically modified to be predisposed to the growth of colorectal polyps, which made them susceptible to the development of intestinal tumors. This allowed the study to compare the differences between the resulting tumors that would inevitably develop between the mice consuming the high fructose corn syrup and those that did not.
At the end of the study, the mice fed the high fructose corn syrup developed a larger "adenoma", defined as an adenoma greater than 3 millimeters in diameter. These mice also developed more "high-grade tumors," bacteria that grow faster and spread more aggressively.
Cantley and his co-authors were able to explain why tumors seemed to get bigger and more aggressive. In a series of follow-up experiments, they found that high-fructose liquid corn syrup administered additional fructose in the bodies of mice, where it has submerged carriers in the intestines – especially the one called GLUT5. Transporters are proteins in the cell membrane that move chemicals in and out of the cell.
GLUT5 has also been implicated in human studies: "Consumption of only 5 g of fructose can result in saturation of GLUT5 in the small intestine (ie malabsorption), resulting in an increased concentration of fructose in the lumen of the colon (large intestine) of healthy humans, "writes the team.
In short, tumor cells can suck fructose directly from inside the intestine after a mouse consumes a lot of high fructose corn syrup. These cells make this extra sugar their preferred source of energy and use it to thrive.
"Our article not only shows a correlation between sugary drinks and colorectal cancer, but also explains the molecular mechanism by which sugar causes cancer to grow," says Cantley.
It is only a study on the mouse, so the process could unfold in a very different way in humans. High fructose corn syrup is, for the moment, an FDA-approved food additive, although the study has elicited a defensive reaction from the American Beverage Association, which has CNBC "Many studies have shown that the organization treats HFCS and table sugar in exactly the same way." The Coca-Cola website also notes that high fructose corn syrup does not have the same effect. is not dangerous, instead focusing on the risks of weight gain resulting from high calorie intake. .
Interestingly, this study also highlighted the effects of consumption of high fructose corn syrup on colon tumors in mice was not obese. Obesity is strongly badociated with colon cancer, so this study can decouple the effects of sugar and those of extra weight on health. Although this study on a mouse probably does not trigger the end of the soda, it could be another nail in the coffin.
Abstract: Excessive consumption of beverages sweetened with high fructose corn syrup is badociated with obesity and an increased risk of colorectal cancer. It is not known if HFCS contributes directly to tumorigenesis. We investigated the effects of daily HFCS oral administration in polypous adenomatous mutant (APC) mice, predisposed to developing intestinal tumors. HFCS treated mice showed a substantial increase in tumor size and grade in the absence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. HFCS increased fructose and glucose levels in the intestinal lumen and serum, respectively, and the tumors carried both sugars. In tumors, fructose was converted to fructose-1-phosphate, resulting in the activation of glycolysis and increased synthesis of fatty acids that promote tumor growth. These studies in mice confirm the hypothesis that the combination of dietary glucose and fructose, even at a moderate dose, may increase tumorigenesis.
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