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25 February 2021
2 min read
Source / Disclosures
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Disclosures:
Jenkins reports that he received in-kind supplies for testing from Almond Board of California, American Peanut Council, Barilla, Bunge Ltd., Kellogg Canada, Loblaw Companies, Primo, Pristine Gourmet, from Quaker / Pepsico, Unico, Unilever, from the Walnut Council. of California and Whitewave Foods; and research grants from the Canola Council of Canada, Pulse Canada, and the Saskatchewan and Alberta pulse growers associations; and his wife is a director and partner of Inquis Clinical Research. Yusuf reports that he received a research grant from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. Please see the study for relevant financial information from all other authors.
Eating a diet with a high glycemic index was associated with a high risk of CVD and death, according to new data from the PURE study published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
According to the background of the study, high glycemic index diets contain low-quality carbohydrates such as those found in white bread, rice and potatoes, while low glycemic index diets contain good carbohydrates. quality such as those found in fruits, vegetables, beans, legumes and intact whole grains.
According to data from the PURE study, a high glycemic index diet was associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality.
“I’ve been studying the impact of high glycemic index diets for many decades, and this study confirms that consuming large amounts of low-quality carbohydrates is a problem worldwide.” David JA Jenkins, MD, PhD, said in a press release a professor of nutritional sciences and medicine at the Temerty School of Medicine at the University of Toronto and a scientist at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute at St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto .
The researchers analyzed 137,851 participants from five continents who were followed for a median of 9.5 years. Using food frequency questionnaires, researchers calculated each participant’s food intake and determined the glycemic index and glycemic load of each participant’s diet based on the consumption of seven carbohydrate food categories. .
The primary outcome measure was all-cause mortality or a major CV event, defined as CV death, non-fatal MI, stroke, or HF.
Compared to people in the quintile with the lowest glycemic index, people in the quintile with the highest glycemic index had a high risk for the primary outcome, regardless of whether the individual had pre-existing CVD (HR adjusted = 1.51; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.82) or not (aHR = 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11-1.34).
A high glycemic index was also associated with a high risk of all-cause mortality, CV death, major CV events and stroke, the researchers wrote.
A high glycemic load compared to a low glycemic load was associated with an increased risk for the primary endpoint in people with pre-existing CVD, but not in those without a previous CVD, Jenkins and colleagues wrote.
Salim Yusuf |
“Current data, along with previous publications from PURE and several other studies, point out that consuming low-quality carbohydrates is likely to be more unfavorable than consuming most of the fat in the diet,” Salim Yusuf, MD, DPhil, FRCP, FACC, Principal investigator of the PURE study, executive director of the Population Research Health Institute and professor of medicine at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, said in the statement. “It requires a fundamental shift in our thinking about which types of diet are likely to be harmful and which types are neutral or beneficial.”
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