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Cervical cancer could be eliminated by the end of the century with the rapid development of existing vaccines and screening interventions, according to a modeling study published in Lancet Oncology newspaper.
The estimates from this study, which are the first of their kind on a global scale, indicate that the combination of a high-dose HPV vaccine and cervical screening rates based on HPV from 2020 could prevent up to 13.4 million cases of cervical cancer. cancer in the world in 50 years.
In addition, the average annual case rate of cervical cancer (CC) in all countries could fall to less than 4 cases per 100,000 women by the end of the century.
Without expanding current CC prevention programs, this study predicts that 44.4 million cases of CD will be diagnosed over the next 50 years – from 600,000 in 2020 to 1.3 million in 2069.
"Despite the enormity of the problem, the results of our (study) suggest that overall elimination is at hand with the tools already available, provided that it is possible to obtain high HPV vaccine coverage and uterine cervix screening, "says Professor Karen Canfell of Cancer. Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, who led the study.
"More than two-thirds of the CC cases averted would be in low- or middle-developing countries, such as India, Nigeria, and Malawi, where access to HPV vaccination or to Uterine cervix screening was until now limited, "Canfell said in an interview. Press release.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. An estimated 570,000 new cases are diagnosed worldwide in 2018. HPV is a group of more than 150 viruses that is responsible for the majority of cases. cervical cancer.
Proven methods are available to screen for and treat pre-cervical cancer, and broad-spectrum HPV vaccines can potentially prevent up to 84-90% of CC, said WHO.
Recently, in a statement issued on February 4, 2019, the International Agency for Research on Cancer fully endorsed the position of the World Health Organization (WHO) on vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV).
WHO has confirmed that vaccination against HPV is safe, effective and essential in the fight against cervical cancer.
Separately, a study published on January 28, 2019 found that a large number of women who had never received an HPV vaccine had "collective immunity".
The protection of the herd against immunity consists in vaccinating a large part of the population against a given disease.
This 10-year study by researchers from the University of Cincinnati and published in the journal pediatrics found 32% of unvaccinated women tested positive for HPV strains at the start of the study.
However, 10 years later, the rate of HPV infection was only 19.4% among the study participants.
"These data show that the HPV vaccine is keeping its promise," said Dr. Amanda Dempsey, badociate professor of pediatrics at the University of Colorado, who has authored an accompanying editorial published in Pediatrics.
"The fundamental message is that this HPV vaccine is very effective in the" real world, "said Dr. Dempsey.
These authors of the Lancet study badyzed data from the International Agency for Cancer Research's registry to predict future trends in cervical cancer if no further action is taken.
They then used a dynamic model to calculate the impact of intensifying HPV vaccination and cervical cancer screening on the burden of CC worldwide, and in 181 countries of all levels of development between 2020 and the end of the century.
The authors note several limitations, including that their predictions are limited by the lack of high quality data on the incidence of cancer over time, especially in developing countries.
The lancet This study was funded by the Australian National Board of Health and Medical Research (NHMRC). It was conducted by researchers from the Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA; the International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
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