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AEBi uses a combination of several cancer-targeting peptides combined with a potent peptide toxin
A cancer cell (white) attacked by two cytotoxic T cells (red). PHOTO: REUTERS
A team of Israeli scientists claims to have discovered the first comprehensive cancer treatment, The Jerusalem Post reported.
"We believe that we will offer comprehensive cancer treatment within one year," said Dan Aridor. His company, Accelerated Evolution Biotechnologies Ltd (AEBi), is developing the new treatment.
"Our cancer treatment will be effective from the first day, last a few weeks and will have no or little side effects at a cost well below that of most other treatments available on the market. Our solution will be both generic and personal. "
The idea may seem far-fetched, according to estimates by the International Agency for Research on Cancer that 18.1 million new cases of cancer are diagnosed each year worldwide. One in six deaths worldwide is attributed to cancer.
Aridor and AEBi's CEO, Dr. Ilan Morad, insist that their treatment, called MuTaTo (multi-target toxin), is "essentially" an anti-biotic cancer, a breakthrough technology of the first order.
The drug is based on SoAP technology which involves introducing a DNA encoding a protein, such as an antibody, into a bacteriophage – a virus that infects a bacterium.
The protein is then displayed on the surface of a phage – the researchers then use it to look for interactions with other proteins, DNA sequences and small molecules.
The idea is similar to that of a Nobel laureate in which scientists have notably worked on the phage display in the directed evolution of new proteins, in order to produce therapies based on 39; antibodies.
However, AEBi uses peptides, consisting of two or more amino acids linked in a chain. Morad said that peptides have an advantage over antibodies because they are cheaper, smaller and easier to produce and regulate.
"One in eight women is at risk of cancer"
"We did what everyone else was doing, trying to discover new individual peptides for specific cancers," Morad said. Soon, he and his colleague, Dr. Hannan Itzhaki, embark on a new path. First, they had to identify why other drugs and cancer treatments were not working. Then they had to find a counterproduct.
Morad said that most anti-cancer drugs attack a specific target in or in the cancer cell. MuTaTo, on the other hand, uses a combination of several cancer-targeting peptides, combined with a potent peptide toxin for each cancer cell at the same time to kill them specifically.
"It makes a big difference between the two types of cells and should dramatically reduce the side effects," said Morad.
"We have ensured that the treatment is not affected by mutations; cancer cells can mutate in such a way that targeted receptors are abandoned by cancer, "said Morad.
"The likelihood of having multiple mutations that would simultaneously alter all targeted receptors decreases dramatically with the number of targets used. Instead of attacking the receptors one at a time, we attack the receptors three at a time – even the cancer can not mutate three receptors at the same time. "
Many cytotoxic cancer treatments target fast-growing cells, but cancer stem cells do not grow quickly and can escape treatment. Once the treatment is complete, the cells again generate cancer.
"If it does not completely stop the cancer, the remaining cells can begin to undergo mutations, and then the cancer will reappear, but this time it is resistant to drugs," said Morad.
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He explained that "since cancer cells are born of mutations in cancer stem cells, most of the overexpressed proteins that target the cancer cell exist in cancer stem cells. Multi-target MuTaTo attack guarantees their destruction. "
Morad said that the peptide parts of MuTaTo are very small (12 amino acids long) and do not have a rigid structure. "This should make the whole molecule non-immunogenic in most cases and allow repeated administration of the drug," he said.
"We used to give several drugs to AIDS patients, but we administered them one by one," said Morad. "During treatment, the virus mutated and AIDS began to attack again. When patients started using a badtail, they were able to stop the illness. "
People with AIDS now carry HIV but are no longer sick, he added.
Morad said the MuTato treatment would eventually be personalized, with each patient providing a biopsy to the laboratory to badyze the receptors. The patient will receive the badtail of molecules needed to cure the disease.
"Our results are consistent and reproducible," insisted Aridor.
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