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People who skip breakfast and have dinner at bedtime have worse results after a heart attack. This is the conclusion of the research published today in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, Journal of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).
The study found that people with both eating habits had four to
risk of death five times higher, other heart attack or angina pectoris
(chest pain) within 30 days of discharge from the hospital for heart attack.
This was the first study to evaluate these unhealthy behaviors in
patients with acute coronary syndromes. Skip breakfast was observed
in 58% of cases, late-night meals consumed in 51% of cases and both behaviors in 41%.
The study included patients with a particularly severe form of
ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
"One in ten patients with STEMI die in one year and nutrition is a major problem.
relatively inexpensive and easy way to improve the prognosis, "said a study
author Marcos Minicucci of São Paolo State University in Brazil.
He recommended a minimum interval of two hours between dinner and
bedtime. "They say the best way to live is to have lunch as a
king, "he added. "A good breakfast is usually made of dairy products
(gluten-free or low-fat milk, yogurt and cheese), a carbohydrate (whole
wheat bread, bagels, cereals) and whole fruits. He should have 15 to
35% of our total daily caloric intake. "
The study included 113 patients with an average age of 60 years and 73% of them were
Men. Patients were asked about eating behaviors when they were admitted to an institution.
coronary intensive care unit. Skip breakfast was defined as nothing
before lunch, excluding drinks, such as coffee and water, at least
three times per week. Late dinner was defined as a meal
in the two hours before bedtime at least three times a week.
Dr. Minicucci noted that the late dinner was defined by the
two-hour interval between dinner and bedtime, rather than eating late at night
night. But almost all participants with this habit were late eaters.
Previous studies have shown that people who miss breakfast and have a
late dinner are more likely to have other unhealthy habits such as
smoking and low level of physical activity. "Our research shows that
both eating behaviors are independently linked to poorer outcomes
after a heart attack, but having a group of bad habits will only do
the situation is worse, "said Dr. Minicucci. "People who work late may be
particularly likely to have a late dinner and not to be
hungry in the morning. "
"We also believe that the inflammatory response, oxidative stress and
endothelial function could be involved in the badociation between
unhealthy eating behaviors and cardiovascular consequences, "he added.
In this study, the use of statins prior to hospitalization was higher in
the group with unhealthy eating habits and worse results. Dr. Minicucci
said: "There are some controversies regarding the eating habits of patients
using statins. Our study suggests that patients with STEMI perceive
statins as an alternative to health benefits. But these drugs
should be a supplement to healthy eating habits, not a substitute. "
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