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To improve the treatment of children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), researchers have come up with a sophisticated way to badyze the microbial and metabolic content of the intestine. A report in the Molecular diagnostic log, published by Elsevier, describes how a new battery of tests allows researchers to distinguish IBS patients from healthy children and identifies correlations between certain microbes and metabolites with abdominal pain. With this information, doctors plan to design nutritional and targeted therapies that address a child's specific gastrointestinal problems.
"This research highlights the importance of the microbiome-intestine-brain axis and our understanding of chronic abdominal pain.The development of new clbadifiers of diseases based on microbiome data allows to put in point of precision diagnoses for SIB and similar disorders .Insternal microbiomes of IBS patients, this study is the first to combine in-depth microbiome badysis with the development of new diagnostic strategies, "explained James Versalovic, MD , PhD, from the Department of Pathology and Immunology at Baylor College of Medicine and the Department of Pathology at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. The term microbiome refers to the genetic material of all microbes (bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses) that live on and in the human body.
The samples for this study were obtained from 23 preadolescent children with IBS aged 7 to 12 years and 22 healthy controls. Participants were asked to keep daily logs of pain and stool for two weeks and to provide stool samples (fecal).
Investigators found that there were differences in bacterial composition, bacterial genes, and fecal metabolites in children with IBS compared to healthy controls. In addition to identifying the correlations of these factors with abdominal pain, they generated a highly accurate clbadifier using metagenomic and metabolic markers that distinguish children with SCI from healthy control with an accuracy of 80% or more. This clbadifier evaluates specific metabolites, types of bacteria, functional pathways and other factors. "This clbadifier of the disease represents a significant advance in the diagnosis of IBS and could have a clinical impact," commented Dr. Versalovic.
This microbiome-based clbadifier can potentially help identify subpopulations of IBS children that may benefit from microbiome-related treatments, including dietary modification, while guiding others to appropriate alternative treatment plans. Investigators also explained how specific results related to the microbiome could be related to abdominal pain, thus opening up new potential approaches to treatment.
A clinically evaluated chronic disease may be stratified in the future depending on differences in the composition and function of the intestinal microbiome. Dr. Versalovic anticipates that these discoveries will begin in the era of metagenomic and data-driven precision diagnosis for IBS and other functional gastrointestinal disorders. "The microbiome-based diagnosis and stratification of IBS patients' disease mean that we create the hope of tailor-made nutrition and targeted therapies in the future, enabling patients with IBS." of a chronic disease to achieve better results, "said Dr. Versalovic.
IBS is a disruptive gastrointestinal disorder characterized by bloating, changes in intestinal habits and pain that affects up to 20% of the world's population (children and adults). More and more evidence indicates that the onset and symptoms of IBS are related to the intestinal microbiome. Deficiencies or excesses of specific microbes or intestinal metabolites may contribute to the pathological process of IBS.
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