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Maintaining moderate muscle strength can help adults reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes, according to a US study.
The researchers asked 4681 people without diabetes, whose average age was 43, to put pressure on the legs and the bench to measure their muscle strength and to perform treadmill tests to badess their condition. cardiorespiratory form. During an average follow-up period of more than eight years, 229 participants, or nearly 5%, developed diabetes.
Compared to those with the lowest scores on muscle strength tests at the beginning of the study period, those with moderate muscle strength were 32% less likely to develop diabetes. Higher levels of muscle strength, however, did not seem to affect the risk of future diabetes.
"You do not have to be Hulk to help reduce your risk of diabetes," said co-author of the study, Dr. Angelique Brellenthin, of Iowa State. University in Ames.
"Performing even a small number of resistance training, which is a major contributor to muscle strength, can offer great benefits," Brellenthin said via e-mail. "Squats, lunges, pull-ups and bodyweight boards are perfect for beginners."
The study focused on type 2 diabetes, the most common form of the disease, which is linked to obesity and aging, and occurs when the body can not properly use or manufacture enough hormone insulin. to convert blood sugar into energy.
Researchers have reported that moderate muscle strength was badociated with a reduced risk of diabetes even after the researchers took into account a person's aerobic fitness levels as well as risk factors that could contribute to the risk of diabetes. , such as family history, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity in the Mayo Clinic acts.
Before considering these other factors, people with high muscle strength had a slightly lower risk of diabetes than the lowest participants. But after taking into account these factors, this advantage has disappeared.
"The muscles are very metabolically active and consume a lot of glucose," said Dr. Tahseen Chowdhury of Royal London Hospital in the UK.
"A larger muscle mbad and volume tend to use more glucose, but also tend to be more sensitive to the effects of insulin, which increases glucose uptake by the muscles," Chowdhury said. , who did not participate in the study, by e-mail.
The study was not a controlled experiment designed to prove if, or how, muscle strength could directly affect the development of diabetes. Nor was it designed to determine the types of training that would be best for diabetes prevention.
"The best way to prevent diabetes is to avoid a high-calorie diet and to regularly engage in moderate-to-high aerobic physical activity for at least 30 minutes 5 to 6 days a week," said Dr. Stefano Volpato from the University of Ferrara in Italy.
"Resistance training exercises are useful for increasing muscle mbad, but the results of this study are too preliminary to recommend this type of intervention to prevent diabetes," said Volpato, not involved in the study, by email.
As the risk of diabetes increases with age, it is possible that the results will be different for adults over 65, said Dr. Alan Sinclair, Director of the Foundation for Diabetes Research in People Diabetes Frail Ltd and Diabetes Chair at Kings. College London.
"The study would have been more interesting and relevant if the average age of the subjects was above 65 years and a decrease in muscle strength meant more than the risk of diabetes. It also concerned the ability to walk, the risk of falling, the risk of frailty and loss of independence, "said Sinclair, who did not participate in the study, by e-mail.
Even in this case, "the study points out that it is important that maintaining a moderate degree of muscle strength can confer some protective value against the development of diabetes," Sinclair said.
SOURCE: Proceedings of the Mayo Clinic, bit.ly/2OOdWME, online March 11, 2019.
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