Oral contraception reduces the risk of aggressive ovarian cancer

Kirsten Moysich

ATLANTA – The use of oral contraceptives appears to be badociated with a reduced risk of aggressive, highly fatal ovarian cancer, with a greater risk reduction seen with prolonged use of birth control, according to study findings presented at the meeting Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research.

Although it is known that the use of oral contraceptives reduces the risk of ovarian cancer, this study is the first to show that risk reduction is induced by a lower incidence of underweight. – Aggressive and very fatal types of ovarian cancer.

"The older the history of oral contraceptive use, the more protection we have seen in terms of reduced risk of death. [of] aggressive ovarian cancer, " Jennifer Mr. Mongiovi, Roswell Park's graduate student Comprehensive Cancer Center and fellow in cancer epidemiology at the Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health at the University of Buffalo, said in a press release. "For every 5 years of use, we have observed a 32% probability of very fatal illness reduced by 32%, compared to 13% for all ovarian cancers, as indicated by D & O. Other researchers. This badociation also varies by histological subtype and has been shown to be the most protective of very fatal endometrioid ovarian cancers. "

Mongiovi and colleagues used data from 20 case-control studies of the Ovarian Cancer Consortium to evaluate the badociation between the use of a pre-diagnostic oral contraceptive and cancer of the ovary The highly fatal ovary, defined as a mortality within 12 or 18 months of diagnosis.

The badysis involved 579 women who died within 12 months of diagnosis, corresponding to 1,279 controls in a proportion of 1: 4 per 5-year age group, on a race and at the site of the study, as well as 1,294 patients who died within 18 months, corresponding to 5,095 controls.

Age-, site- and parity-adjusted badyzes showed that any oral contraceptive use was badociated with a 12-month reduction in the probability of death (OR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.43). -0.68).

The researchers then conducted separate models for the duration of oral contraceptive use by 5-year increase. The results showed a 66% reduction in the probability of death in 12 months for users of oral contraceptives for more than 10 years (OR = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.49), then that there was no significant reduction in risk among contraceptive users for 1 year or less (OR = 0.83, 95% CI, 0.6-1.14).

These trends seemed consistent among women who died within 18 months; However, the use of oral contraceptives appeared more protective in very deadly cases or deaths within 12 months.

The use of oral contraception appeared to be the best protection for endometrioid subtypes in those who died within 12 months (OR = 0.43, 95% CI, 0.2-0, 93) and at 18 months (OR = 0.39, 95% CI, 0.23-0.65).

"Our results clearly show that it is an area that deserves to be deepened so that we can better understand the mechanisms behind this badociation and identify specific groups of people." likely to benefit most from this chemopreventive strategy ", lead author. Kirsten Moysich, PhD, MS, Distinguished Professor of Oncology at the Departments of Cancer Prevention and Control and Immunology at Roswell Park, said in the press release. – by Alexandra Todak

Reference:

Mongiovi JM, et al. Abstract 641/25. Presented at: AACR Annual Meeting; From March 29 to April 3, 2019; Atlanta.

Disclosures: The authors do not report any relevant financial information.