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- John P H Wilding, professor of medicine1,
- Vicki Mooney, executive director2,
- Richard Pile, general practitioner with special interest in cardiology3
- 1Research on Obesity and Endocrinology, Institute of Aging and Chronic Diseases, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- 2European Coalition for People with Obesity, European Association for the Study of Obesity, Teddington, United Kingdom
- 3St Albans, United Kingdom
- Correspondence to: J P H Wilding [email protected], R Pile [email protected]
Categorizing obesity as a disease will encourage people to seek treatment, for example John P H Wilding and Vicki Mooney,but Richard Pile think that medicalization would reduce motivation and reduce motivation
Yes – John P H Wilding and Vicki Mooney
Excessive accumulation of body fat (obesity) develops due to abnormal biological regulation of energy balance, presents multiple complications and should be considered a disease. The Oxford Dictionary defines illness as "a disorder of structure or function. . . especially the one that produces specific symptoms. . . and is not simply a direct result of a physical injury. "1 Obesity, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health can suffer, meets this definition and the World Health Organization considers that 39, it is a disease since 1936.2
The prevalence of obesity has rapidly increased and now affects 29% of the population in England.3 Metabolic complications include type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease and hormone-dependent cancers; mechanical complications of joint pain, arthritis, increased obstetric risk and sleep apnea are common, and obesity can affect mental health, partly to because of the stigma.3 Genetic and environmental factors contribute to its etiology and influence the underlying biology of weight regulation, fat storage sites and the risk of complications.4
Genetic
Studies in twins show that 40-70% of weight variability is inherited. More than 200 genetic variations affect weight, and those that increase it are more common in people with severe obesity5 and less likely to be found in people who are thin.6 Most of these genes, including those with variants responsible for early obesity, are expressed in the brain and participate in the regulation of appetite.7 The distribution of fats, which contributes to the risk of metabolic complications, is influenced by genes mainly expressed in adipose tissue.8 So body weight, fat distribution, …
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